Theory of Mind Impairments in Youth at Clinical High Risk of Psychosis
Theory of Mind Impairments in Youth at Clinical High Risk of Psychosis
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DOI：
10.1080/00332747.2015.1123592
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发表时间：
2016-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Zhang;Yingying Tang;Huiru Cui;Xi Lu;Lihua Xu;Xiaohua Liu;Huijun Li;Annabelle Chow;Yasong Du;Chunbo Li;K. Jiang;Ze-ping Xiao;Jijun Wang
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文献类型：
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作者：
T. Zhang;Yingying Tang;Huiru Cui;Xi Lu;Lihua Xu;Xiaohua Liu;Huijun Li;Annabelle Chow;Yasong Du;Chunbo Li;K. Jiang;Ze-ping Xiao;Jijun Wang
目的：心理理论能力的正常成熟过程是在青少年甚至成年早期进行的。然而，研究表明，心理理论能力在患有前驱精神病经历的成年人中也会下降。本研究的目的是探讨心理理论的特点，在青年与临床高风险的精神病。研究方法：对40名CHR青少年进行了眼睛阅读思维任务（RMET），包括本种族和其他种族的眼睛; 42名年龄、性别和教育程度匹配的健康对照（HC）;和62名成年精神分裂症患者（SZ）。9个月的随访数据收集了31例精神病患者，其中7例（22.6%）已过渡到精神病。结果：与HC青年相比，RMET表现明显受损，但表现优于SZ患者。此外，他们在对RMET的反应方面明显慢于HC青年，反应时间与SZ患者相似。特别是，与HC组相比，他们在解释积极和中性眼睛表情方面的准确性显着较差，但在解释消极的眼睛表情方面并不如此。初步随访数据显示，在那些转变为精神病的人和那些没有转变为精神病的人之间，RMET表现有显著性趋势（p = 0.079）。结论：我们的研究结果表明，心理理论能力的缺陷，特别是从眼睛表情解释人们的精神状态的能力，发生在青年前驱精神病的早期。对青少年进行早期干预，重点是增强心理理论，可能会阻止精神病的进展。
Objective: The normal maturational processes of theory of mind (ToM) capacity are ongoing during adolescence and even early adulthood. However, research has shown that ToM ability also declines among adults suffering from prodromal psychotic experiences. The goal of this study was to investigate the characteristics of ToM performance in youth with clinical high risk (CHR) of psychosis. Methods: The Reading Mind in Eyes Task (RMET), including own-race and other-race eyes, was administered to 40 CHR youth; 42 age-, gender-, and education-matched healthy controls (HCs); and 62 adult patients with schizophrenia (SZ). Nine-month follow-up data were collected from 31 CHR subjects, of whom 7 (22.6%) had made the transition to psychosis. Results: CHR youth showed significant impairment in RMET performance compared to HC youth but performed better than did SZ patients. Moreover, they were significantly slower than were HC youth in responding to the RMET, with a response time similar to that of SZ patients. In particular, they had significantly poorer accuracy in interpreting positive and neutral eye expressions compared to the HC group, but not in interpreting negative eye expressions. Preliminary follow-up data showed a trend toward significance (p = 0.079) for RMET performance between those who transitioned to psychosis and those who did not. Conclusions: Our findings illustrate that deficits in ToM capacity, specifically the ability to interpret people’s mental state from eye expressions, occur early on in prodromal psychosis in youth. Early interventions for CHR youth focusing on ToM enhancement may halt progress toward psychosis.