The Dynamics of Inequality
The Dynamics of Inequality
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DOI：
10.3982/ecta13569
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发表时间：
2016-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Moll, Benjamin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gabaix, Xavier;Lasry, Jean-Michel;Moll, Benjamin
在过去的40年里，美国最严重的收入不平等现象迅速加剧。尽管有大量关于长期收入分配的帕累托尾部的现有理论，但几乎没有一个理论解决了数据中观察到的顶层不平等的快速上升。我们表明，建立在随机增长机制上的标准理论产生的转变动力学相对于数据中观察到的转变动力学太慢了。然后，我们提出了两种可以解释这种变化的与规范模型的节俭偏差：技能价格变化可能产生的规模依赖关系，以及类型依赖关系，即一些高增长类型的存在。这些偏差与顶层收入不平等加剧是由超级明星企业家或经理人崛起推动的理论相一致。
The past forty years have seen a rapid rise in top income inequality in the United States. While there is a large number of existing theories of the Pareto tail of the long-run income distributions, almost none of these address the fast rise in top inequality observed in the data. We show that standard theories, which build on a random growth mechanism, generate transition dynamics that are too slow relative to those observed in the data. We then suggest two parsimonious deviations from the canonical model that can explain such changes: scale dependence that may arise from changes in skill prices, and type dependence, that is, the presence of some high-growth types. These deviations are consistent with theories in which the increase in top income inequality is driven by the rise of superstar entrepreneurs or managers.