INEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY IN HEALTH: EVIDENCE FROM A UK COHORT STUDY
INEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY IN HEALTH: EVIDENCE FROM A UK COHORT STUDY
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DOI：
10.1002/hec.1535
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Dias, Pedro Rosa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dias, Pedro Rosa
本文提出了一个实证实施的健康机会不平等的概念，并将其应用于英国国家儿童发展研究的数据。根据John Roemer关于机会平等的工作中环境变量和努力变量之间的区别，环境由父母的社会经济地位和儿童健康代理;努力由与健康有关的生活方式和教育程度代理。随机优势检验被用来检测机会不平等的条件分布的自我评估的健康在成年期。有两种方法可以用来衡量机会不平等。计量经济学模型估计，以阐明和量化的三角关系的情况下，努力和健康。结果表明，在健康方面存在着相当大的和持续的机会不平等。环境既直接影响成年人的健康，也通过努力因素，如教育程度，影响成年人的健康。这表明，虽然一些不公正环境的影响只能在童年时期解决。实施补充教育政策可能至关重要。版权所有（C）2009约翰威利&土壤有限公司。
This paper proposes an empirical implementation of the concept of inequality of opportunity in health and applies this to data from the UK National Child Development Study. Drawing on the distinction between circumstance and effort variables in John Roemer's work on equality of opportunity, circumstances are proxied by parental socioeconomic status and childhood health; effort is proxied by health-related lifestyles and educational attainment. Stochastic dominance tests are used to detect inequality of opportunity in the conditional distributions of self-assessed health in adulthood. Two alternative approaches are used to measure inequality of opportunity. Econometric models are estimated to illuminate and quantify the triangular relationship between circumstances, effort and health. The results indicate the existence of a considerable and persistent inequality Of opportunity in health. Circumstances affect health in adulthood both directly and through effort factors such as educational attainment. This indicates that, while the influence of some unjust circumstances can only be tackled during childhood. the implementation of complementary educational policies may be of paramount importance. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Soils, Ltd.