Reward-related distracters and working memory filtering.
Reward-related distracters and working memory filtering.
复制标题
与奖励相关的干扰因素和工作记忆过滤。
DOI：
10.1111/psyp.13402
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Larson,ChristineL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ward,RichardT;Miskovich,TaraA;Stout,DanielM;Bennett,KennethP;Lotfi,Salahadin;Larson,ChristineL
与奖励相关的刺激会吸引注意力，即使它们与任务无关。奖赏相关刺激的注意优先顺序的一个结果是，他们也可能像其他形式的情绪信息一样优先获得工作记忆。然而，与奖励相关的分心因素是否会渗入工作记忆仍是个未知数。在本研究中，我们使用视觉工作记忆容量和过滤的变化检测任务，进行了两项研究，以直接评估奖赏相关分心因素对工作记忆的影响。在这两项研究中，分心物由彩色条形或圆圈组成，这些条形或圆圈以前与金钱奖励有关。在实验一中，实验结果表明，与中性分心因素相比，先前获得奖励的分心因素并不影响工作记忆过滤效率的行为测量。在实验2中，使用事件相关电位，我们测量了对侧延迟活动(CDA)，这是一个关于工作记忆中保留项目数的心理生理学指标，以进一步评估过滤效率。我们观察到高奖赏分心者的CDA与低奖赏分心者和中性分心者的CDA相似。然而，在早期的试验中，行为测量显示，之前奖励的刺激对工作记忆能力产生了负面影响，这一影响在中性分心物中没有观察到。然而，在早期的试验中，CDA没有发现这种效应。总而言之，我们在两项研究中的发现表明，任务无关奖赏的注意力捕获对视觉工作记忆的影响可能微乎其微--这一发现对描绘奖赏-认知交互作用的边界具有重要意义。
Reward‐related stimuli capture attention, even when they are task irrelevant. A consequence of attentional prioritization of reward‐related stimuli is that they may also have preferential access to working memory like other forms of emotional information. However, whether reward‐related distracters leak into working memory remains unknown. Here, using a well‐validated change detection task of visual working memory capacity and filtering, we conducted two studies to directly assess the impact of reward‐related distracters on working memory. In both studies, the distracters consisted of colored bars or circles that were previously associated with monetary reward. In Experiment 1, results indicated that previously rewarded distracters did not impact behavioral measures of working memory filtering efficiency compared to neutral distracters. In Experiment 2, using ERPs, we measured the contralateral delay activity (CDA), a psychophysiological index of the number of items retained in working memory, to further assess filtering efficiency. We observed that the CDA for high reward distracters was similar to low reward and neutral distracters. However, in early trials, behavioral measures revealed that previously rewarded stimuli negatively impacted working memory capacity, an effect not observed with neutral distracters. This effect, though, was not found for the CDA in early trials. In summary, our findings across two studies suggest that attentional capture by task‐irrelevant reward may have minimal impact on visual working memory—findings that have important implications for delineating the boundaries of reward‐cognition interactions.