Mental health and general wellness in the aftermath of Hurricane Ike
Mental health and general wellness in the aftermath of Hurricane Ike
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.11.032
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Cerda, Magdalena
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lowe, Sarah R.;Joshi, Spruha;Cerda, Magdalena
暴露于自然灾害与一系列不良后果有关，包括心理健康问题（例如，创伤后应激症状[PTSS]，抑郁），角色功能下降（例如，职业困难），和身体健康问题（例如，躯体疾病）。然而，先前的研究和理论表明，在这些领域中的每一个模态灾后反应是弹性，定义为随着时间的推移，在给定的结果中，症状或问题的水平较低，仅限于灾害期间及其直接后果的时间段内的最小程度的提升。然而，灾难幸存者表现出心理健康（多种心理健康状况的恢复力）或总体健康（心理健康，身体健康和角色功能领域的恢复力）的程度仍然未被探索。本研究的目的是量化心理健康和一般健康，并检查每种形式的健康的预测因素，在三波人口为基础的研究飓风艾克幸存者（N = 658）。使用潜在类别增长分析来确定四个结果的弹性频率（PTSS：74.9%;抑郁：57.9%;功能障碍：45.1%;健康状况不佳的天数：52.6%），并使用交叉表来确定心理健康（51.2%）和一般健康（26.1%）的频率。心理健康和总体健康的显着预测因素包括较低的笔事件情绪反应和较高的社区集体效能;情感财产或宠物的损失和灾害相关的经济损失是心理健康的负面预测因素，个人财产的损失是总体健康的负面预测因素。研究结果表明，专注于单一灾后结果的研究可能高估了心理健康和总体健康的患病率，并且笔事件反应，个人财产损失和集体效能在灾后功能的多个领域中具有交叉影响。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Exposure to natural disasters has been linked to a range of adverse outcomes, including mental health problems (e.g., posttraumatic stress symptoms [PTSS], depression), declines in role functioning (e.g., occupational difficulties), and physical health problems (e.g., somatic complaints). However, prior research and theory suggest that the modal postdisaster response in each of these domains is resilience, defined as low levels of symptoms or problems in a given outcome over time, with minimal elevations that are limited to the time period during the disaster and its immediate aftermath. However, the extent to which disaster survivors exhibit mental health wellness (resilience across multiple mental health conditions) or general wellness (resilience across mental health, physical health, and role functioning domains) remains unexplored. The purpose of this study was to quantify mental health and general wellness, and to examine predictors of each form of wellness, in a three-wave population-based study of Hurricane Ike survivors (N = 658). Latent class growth analysis was used to determine the frequency of resilience on four outcomes (PTSS: 74.9%; depression: 57.9%; functional impairment: 45.1%; days of poor health: 52.6%), and cross-tabulations were used to determine the frequency of mental health wellness (51.2%) and general wellness (26.1%). Significant predictors of both mental health and general wellness included lower pen-event emotional reactions and higher community-level collective efficacy; loss of sentimental possessions or pets and disaster-related financial loss were negative predictors of mental health wellness, and loss of personal property was a negative predictor of general wellness. The results suggest that studies focusing on a single postdisaster outcome may have overestimated the prevalence of mental health and general wellness, and that pen-event responses, personal property loss and collective efficacy have a cross-cutting influence across multiple domains of postdisaster functioning. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.