Older individual's perceptions of appetite, its loss, influencing factors and adaptions to poor appetite. A qualitative study
Older individual's perceptions of appetite, its loss, influencing factors and adaptions to poor appetite. A qualitative study
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DOI：
10.1016/j.appet.2021.105609
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发表时间：
2021-08-03
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Ibrahim, Kinda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cox, Natalie J.;Morrison, Leanne;Ibrahim, Kinda
晚年食欲不振很常见，并与营养不良有关；然而，对老年人食欲的看法了解有限。这项研究旨在探索“食欲”对老年人意味着什么，他们如何经历食欲的变化以及对这种经历的感知影响。半结构化访谈对13名参与者进行，年龄为65岁，在他们自己的家中，最近手臂骨折。对转录本进行反身性主位分析，归纳编码得到三个主位。1. “作为一种情感体验的食欲”包含了积极或消极的想法和感受，这些想法和感受驱动或破坏了吃的欲望。情绪、食物的吸引力、烹饪以及与他人互动和经历的影响都是这种叙述的因素。2. “食欲反映了一种生理需求”包括身体的感觉或需求，作为食欲的驱动因素，过早或过饱导致食欲不振。随着年龄、疾病和活动减少而下降，是造成这种情况的因素。3. “对食欲不振的适应与食欲和更广泛的身体健康的感知一致”解释了如何使用经验策略或实际策略来减轻食欲不振，这取决于食欲不振的叙述，以及对身体健康和计划外减肥的看法。大多数人在他们的讨论和反思中使用一种叙述，但对一些人来说，对食欲及其变化的看法更为复杂。了解这些对食欲的感知与影响因素之间的关系，有助于制定多成分、以人为本的策略，这些策略对解决晚年的食欲减退最有意义和相关性。
Appetite loss in later life is common and associated with malnutrition; however, there is limited knowledge on older individuals' perspectives of appetite. This study aimed to explore what 'appetite' means to older adults, how they experience its change and perceived influences on this experience. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with thirteen participants, aged >= 65 years, in their own home, following a recent arm fracture. Transcripts were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis with inductive coding resulting in three themes. 1. 'Appetite as an emotional experience' encompassed positive or negative thoughts and feelings driving or undermining desire to eat. Mood, the appeal of food, cooking and effects of interaction and experiences with other people were factors in this narrative. 2. 'Appetite reflects a physical need' comprised physical bodily sensations or requirements as a driver for appetite with poor appetite resulting from early or over fullness. Declines with age, illness and less activity, were factors in this narrative. 3. 'Adaption to poor appetite aligns with perception of appetite and wider physical health' accounts for how experiential strategies, or practical strategies were used to mitigate poor appetite depending on the narrative of appetite loss, alongside perceptions of physical health and unplanned weight loss. Most individuals used one narrative in their discussions and reflections but for some, perceptions of appetite and its change were more complex. Understanding relationships between these perceptions of appetite and influential factors could facilitate development of multi-component, person-centred, strategies that are optimally meaningful and relevant to address appetite loss in later life.