Genetics of food allergy.
Genetics of food allergy.
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DOI：
10.1097/mop.0b013e32833252dc
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发表时间：
2009-12
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Wang X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hong X;Tsai HJ;Wang X
食物过敏（FA）是美国和世界范围内日益严重的临床和公共卫生问题，可能由多种环境和遗传因素决定。本文就FA遗传学研究的最新进展作一综述。有令人信服的证据表明，遗传因素可能在FA中发挥作用。然而，可能调节FA个体风险的特定遗传位点仍有待确定。迄今为止，只有有限数量的候选基因关联研究的FA已被报道。至少一项研究表明，9个基因的多态性与FA的发生率或FA的严重程度相关。但这些发现中的大多数仍有待于在独立人群中重复。相比之下，其他过敏性疾病如哮喘和特应性皮炎的遗传学研究取得了相当大的进展。虽然哮喘和特应性皮炎经常与FA共存，但其候选基因与FA的相关性仍有待评估。遗传学在FA是一个很有前途的研究领域，但仍处于起步阶段。需要更多的研究来剖析FA的易感基因。全基因组关联的方法可以作为一个强大的工具，以确定新的基因相关的FA。此外，基因-环境相互作用，基因-基因相互作用和表观遗传学在FA中的作用仍然在很大程度上未被探索。鉴于FA的复杂性，未来的研究需要整合环境，基因组学和表观基因组学，以更好地了解FA的多方面病因和生物学机制。
Food allergy (FA), a growing clinical and public health problem in the U.S. and worldwide, is likely determined by multiple environmental and genetic factors. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent advances in FA genetic research. There is compelling evidence that genetic factors may play a role in FA. However, the specific genetic loci that may modulate individual risk of FA remain to be identified. To date, only a limited number of candidate gene association studies of FA have been reported. Polymorphism(s) in 9 genes have been associated with the incidence of FA or FA severity in at least one study. But most of these findings remain to be replicated in independent populations. In contrast, there are considerable advances in genetics of other allergic diseases such as asthma and atopic dermatitis. While asthma and atopic dermatitis often co-exist with FA, the relevance of their candidate genes to FA remains to be evaluated. Genetics in FA is a promising research area but is still in its infancy. More studies are needed to dissect susceptible genes of FA. A genome-wide association approach may serve as a powerful tool to identify novel genes related to FA. Furthermore, the role of gene-environment interaction, gene-gene interaction, and epigenetics in FA remains largely unexplored. Given the complex nature of FA, future studies need to integrate environment, genomics and epigenomics in order to better understand the multi-facet etiology and biological mechanisms of FA.