Processing speed deficits in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and reading disability
Processing speed deficits in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and reading disability
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DOI：
10.1007/s10802-006-9037-8
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
DeFries, John C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shanahan, Michelle A.;Pennington, Bruce F.;DeFries, John C.
本研究的目的是测试处理速度（PS）的缺陷是否可能是阅读障碍（RD）和注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）的共同认知风险因素，这是已知的共病。关于ADHD和RD的文献表明，在这两种疾病中，单独观察到具有加速成分的任务的缺陷。当前的研究检查了RD、ADHD、RD+ADHD共病患者和对照组的各种加速任务，以测试RD和ADHD是否具有相似的PS缺陷特征，以及这些缺陷是否为这两种疾病所共有。结果表明，一般PS赤字存在于两个临床组相比，控制，虽然儿童RD表现出更大的PS赤字比儿童多动症。进行了两个测试（加性不足和偏相关），以测试这些PS赤字是否共享。由于我们发现PS缺陷在共病组中是加性不足的，并且部分PS降低了RD和ADHD之间的相关性，因此PS似乎是一个共同的认知风险因素，可能有助于解释这两种疾病的共病。
The goal of the current study was to test whether deficits in processing speed (PS) may be a shared cognitive risk factor in reading disability (RD) and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), which are known to be comorbid. Literature on ADHD and RD suggests that deficits on tasks with a speeded component are seen in both of these disorders individually. The current study examined a wide range of speeded tasks in RD, ADHD, comorbid RD+ADHD, and a control group to test whether RD and ADHD have similar profiles of PS deficits, and whether these deficits are shared by the two disorders. The results suggest that a general PS deficit exists in both clinical groups compared to controls, although children with RD demonstrate greater PS deficits than children with ADHD. Two tests (underadditivity and partial correlations) were conducted to test whether these PS deficits are shared. Since we found that PS deficits were underadditive in the comorbid group and that partialling PS reduced the correlation between RD and ADHD, it appears that PS is a shared cognitive risk factor that may help explain the comorbidity of these two disorders.