Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential of MicroRNAs in Lung Cancer.
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential of MicroRNAs in Lung Cancer.
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DOI：
10.3390/cancers9050049
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发表时间：
2017-05-09
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Inamura K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Inamura K
由于诊断较晚和治疗干预有限，肺癌是癌症导致死亡的主要原因。MicroRNAs是一种短的非编码RNA分子，通过翻译抑制或靶信使RNA降解来调节转录后的基因表达。越来越多的证据表明，microrna在肺癌的发生和发展中发挥着多种作用。由于microRNA在福尔马林固定石蜡包埋标本中的降解程度要小得多，而且不仅存在于肿瘤组织中，也存在于体液中，因此microRNA分析在癌症研究中的潜力越来越大。本文综述了近年来关于microRNA的研究，重点介绍了microRNA与组织学亚型、遗传驱动改变、治疗靶向分子和致癌物质的关系。本文还介绍了已报道的循环microRNA信号在肺癌早期检测中的作用，以及microRNA作为肿瘤免疫反应调节剂的意义。
Lung cancer is the leading cause of deaths resulting from cancer owing to late diagnosis and limited treatment intervention. MicroRNAs are short, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by translational repression or target messenger RNA degradation. Accumulating evidence suggests various roles for microRNAs, including development and progression of lung cancers. Because microRNAs are degraded to a much lesser extent in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens and are present not only in tumor tissues but also in body fluids, there is an increased potential in microRNA analyses for cancer research. In this review, recent studies of microRNA are introduced and briefly summarized, with a focus on the association of microRNAs with histological subtypes, genetic driver alterations, therapeutically-targeted molecules, and carcinogens. The reported circulating microRNA signature for the early detection of lung cancer and the implications of microRNAs as the modulators of tumor immune response are also introduced.