Research Timeline: Form-focused instruction and second language acquisition

Research Timeline: Form-focused instruction and second language acquisition
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研究时间表:以形式为中心的教学和第二语言习得

DOI:
10.1017/s0261444815000403
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
影响因子:
3.6
通讯作者:
Hossein Nassaji
Hossein Nassaji
中科院分区:
人文科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hossein Nassaji

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本文提供了一个关于形式教学研究的时间轴。在过去的40年里,关于教学作用的研究经历了许多变化。早期的许多研究集中在确定正式教学是否对学习者语言的发展有任何影响。这个问题的动机部分来自认知心理学领域关于外显与内隐学习的理论讨论,以及第二语言习得领域关于自然接触与正式教学的争论。例如,在20世纪80年代初,基于第二语言(L2)学习所涉及的过程与第一语言(L1)学习所涉及的过程相似的概念,Krashen(例如,Krashen(1981,1982,1985)区分了学习和习得,并声称第二语言应该通过自然接触而不是通过正式的教学来习得。因此,他声称FFI对语言习得没有什么好处。这一立场也被称为教学的“零立场”,其他一些研究者也持这一立场,他们认为第一语言和第二语言的学习遵循类似的过程,第二语言学习者需要的是自然地接触以意义为中心的交流,而不是正式的教学(Dulay & Burt 1974; Felix 1981; Prabhu 1987; Schwartz 1993; Zobl 1995)。
This article provides a timeline of research on form-focused instruction (FFI). Over the past 40 years, research on the role of instruction has undergone many changes. Much of the early research concentrated on determining whether formal instruction makes any difference in the development of learner language. This question was motivated in part by a theoretical discussion in the field of cognitive psychology over the role of explicit versus implicit learning, on the one hand, and a debate in the field of second language acquisition (SLA) over the role of naturalistic exposure versus formal instruction, on the other. In the early 1980s, for example, based on the notion that the processes involved in second language (L2) learning are similar to those in first language (L1) learning, Krashen (e.g., Krashen 1981, 1982, 1985) made a distinction between learning and acquisition and claimed that an L2 should be acquired through natural exposure not learned through formal instruction. Thus, he claimed that FFI has little beneficial effect on language acquisition. This position, which has also been known as a ‘zero position’ on instruction, was also taken by a number of other researchers who argued that L1 and L2 learning follow similar processes and that what L2 learners need in order to acquire a second language is naturalistic exposure to meaning-focused communication rather than formal instruction (Dulay & Burt 1974; Felix 1981; Prabhu 1987; Schwartz 1993; Zobl 1995).
小学生人工智能学习教材开发(一)-利用深度学习的教材开发-
DOI: --
发表时间: 2018
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
鈴木雅人;北越大輔;吉田拓起,嶋村駿希,古賀翔也,古賀洸希,深井澄夫,野口卓朗,清水暁生,石川洋平;木下祥太朗,蜂谷美季,鈴木雅人,西村亮
通讯作者: 木下祥太朗,蜂谷美季,鈴木雅人,西村亮
注重形式:语言教学方法的设计特点
DOI: --
发表时间: 1991
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
Michael H. Long
通讯作者: Michael H. Long
DOI: 10.1111/0023-8333.00136
发表时间: 2000-09-01
期刊: LANGUAGE LEARNING
影响因子: 4.4
作者:
Norris, JM;Ortega, L
通讯作者: Ortega, L
DOI: --
发表时间: 2005
期刊: Encyclopedia of Language
影响因子: --
作者:
Isobe;Miwa;Yukio Otsu
通讯作者: Yukio Otsu