Trauma in early childhood: Empirical evidence and clinical implications
Trauma in early childhood: Empirical evidence and clinical implications
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DOI：
10.1017/s0954579411000137
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Harris, William W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lieberman, Alicia F.;Chu, Ann;Harris, William W.
与年龄较大的儿童相比，出生至5岁的儿童不成比例地受到创伤事件的影响，但在创伤研究文献中，以及在制定和实施有效的临床治疗和保护受虐待儿童的公共政策举措中，他们的代表性不足。少数民族儿童和贫困儿童尤其受到影响。本文讨论了迫切需要通过系统的研究，临床和公共政策的举措，特别关注服务不足的群体，以解决创伤幼儿及其家庭的需求。本文回顾了有关幼儿期虐待和创伤的研究成果，包括父母功能的作用，创伤和精神病理学的代际传递，以及幼儿对创伤暴露的反应中的保护性背景因素。我们描述的治疗效用的同时治疗集中在当前的创伤经历和代际传递的关系模式从父母到孩子。最后，我们讨论了当前创伤暴露知识对临床实践和公共政策的影响，并对未来的研究提出了建议。
Children in the birth to 5 age range are disproportionately exposed to traumatic events relative to older children, but they are underrepresented in the trauma research literature as well as in the development and implementation of effective clinical treatments and in public policy initiatives to protect maltreated children. Children from ethnic minority groups and those living in poverty are particularly affected. This paper discusses the urgent need to address the needs of traumatized young children and their families through systematic research, clinical, and public policy initiatives, with specific attention to underserved groups. The paper reviews research findings on early childhood maltreatment and trauma, including the role of parental functioning, the intergenerational transmission of trauma and psychopathology, and protective contextual factors in young children's response to trauma exposure. We describe the therapeutic usefulness of a simultaneous treatment focus on current traumatic experiences and on the intergenerational transmission of relational patterns from parent to child. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of current knowledge about trauma exposure for clinical practice and public policy and with recommendations for future research.