Chronic ethanol consumption impairs learning and memory after cessation of ethanol
Chronic ethanol consumption impairs learning and memory after cessation of ethanol
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DOI：
10.1097/01.alc.0000171038.03371.56
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Morley, JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farr, SA;Scherrer, JF;Morley, JE
急性乙醇消耗导致学习和记忆的可逆变化，而慢性乙醇消耗6个月或更长时间会对啮齿动物产生永久性的缺陷和神经损伤。本论文的目的是确定小鼠慢性摄入乙醇的时间较短是否会在停止摄入乙醇后产生长期的学习和记忆缺陷。我们首先研究了四周和八周20%乙醇对小鼠学习和记忆的影响，然后是三周的停药期。我们确定，在8周（而不是4周）后的3周，20%乙醇的消耗导致了学习和长期记忆（7天）的缺陷，包括t形迷宫足震荡回避和希腊十字亮度辨别，逐步下降的被动回避和毽子主动回避。短期记忆（1小时）不受影响。这种缺陷与硫胺素状态、热量摄入或非记忆因素（如活动或足震敏感性）的变化无关。最后，我们检查小鼠在较长时间的停药后是否恢复。8周后，我们比较了3周和12周后的小鼠。与对照组相比，停用乙醇3周和12周的小鼠在t形迷宫避足震方面受损。目前的研究结果表明，短短8周的酒精摄入会导致学习和记忆方面的缺陷，这种缺陷在停药12周后仍然存在。
Acute consumption of ethanol results in reversible changes in learning and memory whereas chronic ethanol consumption of six or more months produces permanent deficits and neural damage in rodents. The goal of the current paper was determine whether shorter durations of chronic ethanol ingestion in mice would produce long-term deficits in learning and memory after the cessation of ethanol. We first examined the effects of four and eight weeks of 20% ethanol followed by a three week withdrawal period on learning and memory in mice. We determined that three weeks after eight, but not four, weeks of 20% ethanol consumption resulted in deficits in learning and long-term memory (seven days) in T-maze footshock avoidance and Greek Cross brightness discrimination, step-down passive avoidance and shuttlebox active avoidance. Short-term memory (1 hr) was not affected. The deficit was not related to changes in thiamine status, caloric intake, or nonmnemonic factors, such as, activity or footshock sensitivity. Lastly, we examined if the mice recovered after longer durations of withdrawal. After eight weeks of ethanol, we compared mice after three and 12 weeks of withdrawal. Mice that had been off ethanol for both three and 12 weeks were impaired in T-maze footshock avoidance compared to the controls. The current results indicate that a duration of ethanol consumption as short as eight weeks produces deficits in learning and memory that are present 12 weeks after withdrawal.