Age-dependent variation in behavior following acute ethanol administration in male and female adolescent rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta).
Age-dependent variation in behavior following acute ethanol administration in male and female adolescent rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta).
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雄性和雌性青少年恒河猴（Macaca mulatta）急性乙醇注射后行为的年龄依赖性变化。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00300.x
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Higley,JamesD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Schwandt,MelanieL;Barr,ChristinaS;Suomi,StephenJ;Higley,JamesD
背景：在酒精使用和酒精相关问题的病因学研究中，青少年的发展阶段受到了相当大的关注。由于青春期是一个动态变化的过程，而不是一个离散或静态的发展阶段，重要的是要考虑在青春期内对乙醇的反应的个体发生变化。在啮齿类动物中，乙醇诱导的运动损伤水平已被证明从青春期早期到晚期增加。本研究调查了急性乙醇给药后的行为与年龄、饲养条件（母亲抚养与托儿所抚养），和血清素转运蛋白（rh 5-HTTLPR）基因型在酒精初治的青少年恒河猴样本中的表达。（n=97; 41名男性，56名女性），年龄范围为28至48个月，静脉注射（IV）乙醇（雄性2.2 g/kg，雌性2.0 g/kg），在2个单独的试验阶段进行两次。生理盐水/乙醇组（n=16; 8只雄性，6只雌性）在1次试验中给予生理盐水，在第二次试验中给予乙醇。每次IV注射后，受试者接受30分钟的一般运动行为评估。使用方差分析比较了生理盐水和乙醇测试阶段之间生理盐水/乙醇组的行为。较大研究样本的行为数据在2个测试阶段之间取平均值，并使用因子分析进行总结。旋转因子得分被用作多元回归分析中的因变量，以测试行为和年龄，饲养条件和rh 5-HTTLPR genotype.Results之间的关系：在乙醇测试会话期间，运动障碍的行为指示（绊倒，福尔斯，摇摆，撞墙，和不成功的跳跃）经常观察到在盐水/乙醇组，而他们没有发生在盐水测试会话。在较大的研究样本中，对乙醇给药后的行为进行因素分析，得出3个因素：共济失调、跳跃能力受损和刺激。年龄与共济失调呈显著负相关。女性也表现出年龄和跳跃能力受损和年龄和刺激之间的正相关。没有发现与饲养条件或rh 5-HTTLPR genotype.Conclusions的显着相关性：这些研究结果表明，在青春期的行为反应乙醇的个体发育变化啮齿类动物和灵长类动物之间的差异。此外，对乙醇的行为反应的性别差异似乎在青春期发展。
Background:There has been considerable focus on the adolescent stage of development in the study of alcohol use and the etiology of alcohol‐related problems. Because adolescence is a process of dynamic change rather than a discrete or static stage of development, it is important to consider ontogenetic changes in the response to ethanol within the adolescent time period. In rodents, levels of ethanol‐induced motor impairment have been shown to increase from early to late adolescence. This study investigated associations between behavior following acute ethanol administration and age, rearing condition (mother‐reared vs nursery‐reared), and serotonin transporter (rh5‐HTTLPR) genotype in a sample of alcohol‐naïve adolescent rhesus macaques.Methods:Rhesus macaques (n=97; 41 males, 56 females), ranging in age from 28 to 48 months, were administered intravenous (IV) doses of ethanol (2.2 g/kg for males, 2.0 g/kg for females) twice in 2 separate testing sessions. A saline/ethanol group (n=16; 8 males, 6 females) was administered saline in 1 testing session and ethanol in the second session. Following each IV injection, subjects underwent a 30‐minute general motor behavioral assessment. Behavior in the saline/ethanol group was compared between the saline and ethanol‐testing sessions using analysis of variance. Behavioral data for the larger study sample were averaged between the 2 testing sessions and summarized using factor analysis. Rotated factor scores were used as dependent variables in multiple regression analyses to test for relationships between behavior and age, rearing condition, and rh5‐HTTLPR genotype.Results:During the ethanol‐testing session, behaviors indicative of motor impairment (stumbles, falls, sways, bumping the wall, and unsuccessful jumps) were frequently observed in the saline/ethanol group, while they did not occur under the saline‐testing session. Factor analysis of behavior following ethanol administration in the larger study sample yielded 3 factors: Ataxia, Impaired Jumping Ability, and Stimulation. Significant negative correlations between age and Ataxia were found for both males and females. Females also exhibited positive correlations between age and Impaired Jumping Ability and age and Stimulation. No significant correlations were found with either rearing condition or rh5‐HTTLPR genotype.Conclusions:These findings suggest that ontogenetic changes during adolescence in the behavioral response to ethanol differ between rodents and primates. Furthermore, sex differences in the behavioral response to ethanol appear to develop during adolescence.