A Quantitative Assessment of the 1998 Carbon Monoxide Emission Anomaly in the Northern Hemisphere Based on Total Column and Surface Concentration Measurements
A Quantitative Assessment of the 1998 Carbon Monoxide Emission Anomaly in the Northern Hemisphere Based on Total Column and Surface Concentration Measurements
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DOI：
10.1029/2004jd004559
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发表时间：
2004-08
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Yurganov;T. Blumenstock;E. Grechko;F. Hase;E. Hyer;E. Kasischke;M. Koike;Y. Kondo;I. Kramer;F. Leung;E. Mahieu;J. Mellqvist;J. Notholt;P. Novelli;C. Rinsland;H. Scheel;A. Schulz;A. Strandberg;R. Sussmann;H. Tanimoto;V. Velazco;R. Zander;Yongjing Zhao
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文献类型：
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作者：
L. Yurganov;T. Blumenstock;E. Grechko;F. Hase;E. Hyer;E. Kasischke;M. Koike;Y. Kondo;I. Kramer;F. Leung;E. Mahieu;J. Mellqvist;J. Notholt;P. Novelli;C. Rinsland;H. Scheel;A. Schulz;A. Strandberg;R. Sussmann;H. Tanimoto;V. Velazco;R. Zander;Yongjing Zhao
1996年1月至2001年12月，用两种不同的方法测量了北半球高纬度(北纬30度-90度)大气中的一氧化碳丰度：从红外太阳光谱反演的一氧化碳总柱数量和在地面站现场测量的一氧化碳混合比。对这些数据进行了平均，并分析了CO HNH负荷的异常(总对流层质量与平均季节廓线30°N到90°N之间的偏差，确定为5年平均值)。由现场资料和总柱资料得到的异常很好地吻合，都显示出两个极大值，其中最大值在1998年10月，较低值在1996年8月。1998年夏季正距平随高度的增加而明显减小。应用盒子模式，在汇年际变化不显著的假设下，得到了源速率的异常。1998年8月，HNH排放异常估计为38Tg月(-1)。1998年全年排放正异常为96TgYr(-1)。几乎所有过量的CO都可以归因于北方森林火灾的排放。根据现有清单，生物质燃烧在“正常”年的排放量约为52tg/a，因此，1998年生物质总排放量高达148tg/a。1998年8月，生物质燃烧对CO的贡献是化石燃料燃烧的两倍。
Carbon monoxide abundances in the atmosphere have been measured between January 1996 and December 2001 in the high Northern Hemisphere (HNH) (30degrees-90degreesN) using two different approaches: total column amounts of CO retrieved from infrared solar spectra and CO mixing ratios measured in situ at ground-based stations. The data were averaged, and anomalies of the CO HNH burden ( deviations of the total tropospheric mass between 30degreesN and 90degreesN from the mean seasonal profile, determined as the 5 year average) were analyzed. The anomalies obtained from in situ and total column data agree well and both show two maxima, by far the largest in October 1998 and a lower one in August 1996. A noticeable decrease of the positive 1998 summer anomaly with increasing height was found. A box model was applied, and anomalies in source rates were obtained under the assumption of insignificant interannual sink variations. In August 1998 the HNH emission anomaly was estimated to be 38 Tg month(-1). The annual 1998 emission positive anomaly was 96 Tg yr(-1). Nearly all excess CO may be attributed to the emissions from boreal forest fires. According to available inventories, biomass burning emits around 52 Tg yr(-1) during the "normal'' years; therefore total biomass emissions in 1998 were as large as 148 Tg yr(-1). In August 1998, CO contribution from the biomass burning was twice as large as that from fossil fuel combustion. The results were compared to available emission inventories.