Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia: ACOG Practice Bulletin, Number 222.
Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia: ACOG Practice Bulletin, Number 222.
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DOI：
10.1097/aog.0000000000003891
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
7.2
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
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妊娠期高血压疾病是全世界孕产妇和围产期死亡的主要原因之一。据估计，先兆子痫使全球2-8%的妊娠并发症（）。在拉丁美洲和加勒比地区，高血压疾病占孕产妇死亡的近26%，而在非洲和亚洲，高血压疾病占孕产妇死亡的9%。虽然高收入国家的孕产妇死亡率远低于发展中国家，但16%的孕产妇死亡可归因于高血压疾病（）。在美国，先兆子痫的发病率在1987年至2004年间增加了25%（）。此外，与1980年分娩的妇女相比，2003年分娩的妇女患重度先兆子痫的风险增加了6.7倍（）。这种复杂性代价高昂：一项研究报告称，2012年，在美国，分娩前12个月内先兆子痫的估计成本为21.8亿美元（女性为10.3亿美元，婴儿为11.5亿美元），其中早产儿承担的成本不成比例（）。本实践公报将为妊娠期高血压和先兆子痫的诊断和管理提供指南。
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy constitute one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal mortality worldwide. It has been estimated that preeclampsia complicates 2-8% of pregnancies globally (). In Latin America and the Caribbean, hypertensive disorders are responsible for almost 26% of maternal deaths, whereas in Africa and Asia they contribute to 9% of deaths. Although maternal mortality is much lower in high-income countries than in developing countries, 16% of maternal deaths can be attributed to hypertensive disorders (). In the United States, the rate of preeclampsia increased by 25% between 1987 and 2004 (). Moreover, in comparison with women giving birth in 1980, those giving birth in 2003 were at 6.7-fold increased risk of severe preeclampsia (). This complication is costly: one study reported that in 2012 in the United States, the estimated cost of preeclampsia within the first 12 months of delivery was $2.18 billion ($1.03 billion for women and $1.15 billion for infants), which was disproportionately borne by premature births (). This Practice Bulletin will provide guidelines for the diagnosis and management of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia.