The effects of age and domain knowledge on text processing.
The effects of age and domain knowledge on text processing.
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年龄和领域知识对文本处理的影响。
DOI：
10.1093/geronb/58.4.p217
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Miller,LisaMSoederberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Miller,LisaMSoederberg
作者通过比较不同（烹饪）知识水平的年轻人和老年人在编码过程中分配给自然领域相关（烹饪）和一般文本的时间，研究了知识影响的年龄差异。高知识个体在阅读领域相关文本时增加了用于概念整合的时间，而在阅读一般文本时没有增加，并且在阅读领域相关文本时表现出相对更高的记忆。这些发现表明，在编码过程中，知识的应用可能是费力的，而这种努力在更详细和集成的文本表示方面得到了回报，从而产生更好的记忆性能。知识对编码资源分配和记忆表现的影响没有年龄差异。这些结果表明，以知识为基础的加工过程在以后的生活中仍然存在。
The author investigated age differences in the effects of knowledge during encoding by comparing time allocated to naturalistic domain-related (cooking) and general texts among young and older adults with varying levels of (cooking) knowledge. High-knowledge individuals increased time allocated to conceptual integration when reading domain-related texts but not general texts and showed relatively greater recall for domain-related texts. These findings suggest that knowledge application can be effortful during encoding and that this effort pays off in terms of a more elaborated and integrated text representation that engenders better memory performance. There were no age differences in effects of knowledge on either resource allocation at encoding or on memory performance. These results suggest that knowledge-based processing is preserved in later life.