Between Veritas and Communitas: Epistemic Switching in the Reading of Academic and Sacred History
Between Veritas and Communitas: Epistemic Switching in the Reading of Academic and Sacred History
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DOI：
10.1080/10508406.2011.582376
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Wineburg, Sam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gottlieb, Eli;Wineburg, Sam
我们比较了8位宗教信徒（历史学家和神职人员）和8位怀疑论者（历史学家和科学家）如何阅读关于两个主题的一系列文件：《圣经》中的出埃及记和第一个（美国）感恩节的起源。笃信宗教的历史学家的解读与不信教的同行不同。宗教历史学家一边是他们的信仰团体的竞争性承诺，另一边是学术协会，他们从事认识转换，改变认识论标准，使其与所审查的文件所引发的忠诚保持一致。为了解释这些发现，我们建议历史理解不应被视为一个单一的结构，而应被视为多个轴之间的一种协调形式：一个由学科定义的不断增长的知识复杂性的垂直轴；认同和承诺的横轴，沿着这条轴，个人在不同的忠诚和从属关系之间移动，因为他们参与了神圣历史的认识论标准。讨论了对未来学习科学研究的启示。
We compared how 8 religious believers (historians and clergy) and 8 skeptics (historians and scientists) read a series of documents on 2 topics: the Biblical Exodus and the origins of the first (American) Thanksgiving. Readings by religiously committed historians differed from those of their non-religious peers. Navigating between the competing commitments of their faith communities on the one hand and an academic guild on the other, religious historians engaged in epistemic switching, varying epistemological criteria to align with the allegiances triggered by the document under review. To explain these findings, we propose that historical understanding be conceived not as a unitary construct but as a form of coordination between multiple axes: a vertical axis of increasing intellectual sophistication as defined by the discipline; and a horizontal axis of identification and commitment, along which individuals move between a variety of allegiances and affiliations as they engage the epistemological criteria of sacred history. Implications for future research in the learning sciences are discussed.