The Cognitive, Affective and Somatic Empathy Scales for Adults.
The Cognitive, Affective and Somatic Empathy Scales for Adults.
复制标题
成人认知、情感和躯体共情量表。
DOI：
10.1016/j.paid.2021.111238
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Waller,Rebecca
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Raine,Adrian;Chen,FrancesR;Waller,Rebecca
认知、情感和躯体共情量表（CASES）评估了三种形式的共情，每种共情都有积极和消极共情的分量表。本研究将此儿童工具扩展到成人，并检验其因素结构和结构效度。第二个目的是调查积极共情的研究不足的领域。社区样本共2604成年人完成了成人的情况下，连同量表评估结构效度。验证性因素分析支持认知-情感-躯体三因素模型和积极-消极共情两因素模型。研究结果在第二个独立样本中重复。内部信度范围为0.80 - 0.92。具有较高精神病态和刺激寻求分数的个体对积极相对于消极效价事件的移情反应受损较小，这表明他们相对能够对奖励事件做出情感反应。躯体共情与情感接触的愉悦感以及共情的性别差异（女性>男性）的相关性最强。前摄性攻击与认知和情感共情减少有关，而反应性攻击与情感共情增加有关。研究结果提供了初步支持的效用的情况下，评估不同形式的同理心，并建议积极和消极的同理心之间的平衡，可以提供新的见解心理特征。
The Cognitive, Affective and Somatic Empathy Scales (CASES) assess three forms of empathy, each with subscales for positive and negative empathy. The present study extends this child instrument to adults and examines its factor structure and construct validity. A secondary aim is to investigate the under-researched area of positive empathy. Community samples totaling 2604 adults completed the CASES for adults, together with scales assessing construct validity. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the three-factor cognitive-affective-somatic model and a two-factor positive-negative empathy model. Findings were replicated in a second independent sample. Internal reliabilities ranged from 0.80 to 0.92. Individuals with higher psychopathy and stimulation-seeking scores were less impaired in their empathic reactions to positive relative to negative valence events, suggesting that they are relatively capable of responding emotionally to rewarding events. Somatic empathy was most strongly associated with pleasure in affective touch and with female > male gender differences in empathy. While proactive aggression was associated with reduced cognitive and affective empathy, reactive aggression was associated withincreasedempathy. Findings provide initial support for the utility of CASES for assessing different forms of empathy and suggest that the balance between positive and negative empathy could provide new insights into psychological traits.