Prenatal exposures to phthalates among women in New York City and Krakow, Poland.
Prenatal exposures to phthalates among women in New York City and Krakow, Poland.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.6235
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发表时间：
2003-11
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Whyatt, Robin M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adibi, Jennifer J;Perera, Frederica P;Jedrychowski, Wieslaw;Camann, David E;Barr, Dana;Jacek, Ryszard;Whyatt, Robin M
实验证据表明，某些邻苯二甲酸盐可以破坏内分泌功能并引起生殖和发育毒性。然而，关于怀孕期间人类接触邻苯二甲酸酯的程度的数据很少。作为哥伦比亚儿童环境健康中心进行的研究的一部分，我们测量了从纽约（n = 30）和波兰克拉科夫（n = 30）的孕妇平行队列中收集的48小时个人空气样本中的邻苯二甲酸盐水平。在相同的48小时内收集纽约妇女（n = 25）的尿样。在个人空气和尿液中测量了以下四种邻苯二甲酸酯或其代谢物：邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEP），邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP），邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEHP）和邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯（BBzP）。所有的空气和尿液样本中都有。个人空气样本的范围为：DEP（0.26-7.12微克/立方米）、DBP（0.11-14.76微克/立方米）、DEHP（0.05-1.08微克/立方米）和BBzP（0.00-0.63微克/立方米）。克拉科夫的DBP、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯和DEHP的平均个人空气浓度较高，而纽约的DEP的平均个人空气浓度较高。DEP和邻苯二甲酸一乙酯（r = 0.42, p < 0.05）、DBP和邻苯二甲酸一丁酯（r = 0.58, p < 0.01）、BBzP和邻苯二甲酸一苄酯（r = 0.65, p < 0.01）与个人空气和尿液水平存在显著相关性。这些结果表明，这两个队列的妇女在怀孕期间暴露于邻苯二甲酸盐相当多，并表明吸入是一个重要的暴露途径。
Experimental evidence has shown that certain phthalates can disrupt endocrine function and induce reproductive and developmental toxicity. However, few data are available on the extent of human exposure to phthalates during pregnancy. As part of the research being conducted by the Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, we have measured levels of phthalates in 48-hr personal air samples collected from parallel cohorts of pregnant women in New York, New York, (n = 30) and in Krakow, Poland (n = 30). Spot urine samples were collected during the same 48-hr period from the New York women (n = 25). The following four phthalates or their metabolites were measured in both personal air and urine: diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), and butyl benzyl phthalate (BBzP). All were present in 100% of the air and urine samples. Ranges in personal air samples were as follows: DEP (0.26-7.12 microg/m3), DBP (0.11-14.76 microg/m3), DEHP (0.05-1.08 microg/m3), and BBzP (0.00-0.63 microg/m3). The mean personal air concentrations of DBP, di-isobutyl phthalate, and DEHP are higher in Krakow, whereas the mean personal air concentration of DEP is higher in New York. Statistically significant correlations between personal air and urinary levels were found for DEP and monoethyl phthalate (r = 0.42, p < 0.05), DBP and monobutyl phthalate (r = 0.58, p < 0.01), and BBzP and monobenzyl phthalate (r = 0.65, p < 0.01). These results demonstrate considerable phthalate exposures during pregnancy among women in these two cohorts and indicate that inhalation is an important route of exposure.