n-3 fatty acids and human health: Defining strategies for public policy
n-3 fatty acids and human health: Defining strategies for public policy
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DOI：
10.1007/s11745-001-0687-7
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Simopoulos, AP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simopoulos, AP
20世纪最后25年的特点是消费者对健康的营养方面的兴趣增加。因此，除了传统的推荐膳食摄入量之外，各国政府开始制定膳食指南，而传统的推荐膳食摄入量现在已被膳食参考摄入量所取代。除了政府之外，各种科学学会和非政府组织也发布了他们的饮食建议，以对抗慢性疾病和肥胖。人类的饮食习惯是平衡摄入n-6和n-3必需脂肪酸，而西方饮食中n-6/n-3的比例为16.74。科学证据表明，减少n-6和增加n-3的摄入量可以改善整个生命周期的健康。本文讨论了这一变化的原因，并建议建立营养和食品政策，而不是食品和营养政策，因为后者服从于食品政策方面的营养方面。营养和食品规划是营养和食品政策的工具，其目标是实现营养科学所定义的人口的充分营养。制定公共政策以制定必需脂肪酸的膳食建议，包括平衡的n-6/n-3比例，具有坚实的科学基础。现在需要的是达成科学共识，对专业人员和公众进行教育，在国家一级建立一个营养和食品政策机构，以及政府愿意做出改变。对公众进行教育是要求改变食品供应的必要条件。
The last quarter of the 20th century was characterized by an increase in the consumer's interest in the nutritional aspects of health. As a result, governments began to develop dietary guidelines in addition to the traditional recommended dietary allowances, which have been superseded now by dietary reference intakes. In addition to governments, various scientific societies and nongovernmental organizations have issued their dietary advice to combat chronic diseases and obesity. Human beings evolved on a diet that was balanced in n-6 and n-3 essential fatty acid intake, whereas Western diets have a ratio of n-6/n-3 of 16.74. The scientific evidence is strong for decreasing the n-6 and increasing the n-3 intake to improve health throughout the life cycle. This paper discusses the reasons for this change and recommends the establishment of a Nutrition and Food Policy, instead of a Food and Nutrition Policy, because the latter subordinates the nutritional aspects to the food policy aspects. Nutrition and food planning comprise a tool of nutrition and food policy, whose objectives are the achievement of the adequate nutrition of the population as defined by nutritional science. The scientific basis for the development of a public policy to develop dietary recommendations for essential fatty acids, including a balanced n-6/n-3 ratio is robust. What is needed is a scientific consensus, education of professionals and the public, the establishment of an agency on nutrition and food policy at the national level, and willingness of governments to institute changes. Education of the public is essential to demand changes in the food supply.