Controlling and measuring dynamic odorant stimuli in the laboratory
Controlling and measuring dynamic odorant stimuli in the laboratory
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.207787
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Emonet, Thierry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gorur-Shandilya, Srinivas;Martelli, Carlotta;Emonet, Thierry
动物经历复杂的气味刺激，其在成分、强度和时间特性上变化很大。然而，在实验室中用于研究嗅觉的刺激要简单得多。这种不匹配源于精确和准确地测量和控制它们的挑战。即使是简单的脉冲也可以有不同的动力学，这取决于它们的分子身份。在这里，我们介绍了一个模型，它描述了刺激动力学如何依赖于分子身份的气味和几何形状的输送系统。我们描述的方法，以提供动态的气味刺激的几种类型，包括广泛分布的刺激，再现一些自然的羽毛的统计数据，在一个可再现的和精确的方式。最后，我们介绍了一种方法来校准光电离检测器，它可以检测到任何气味，不使用额外的组件。我们的方法是负担得起的和灵活的，可用于推进我们对嗅觉神经元如何编码现实世界的气味信号的理解。
Animals experience complex odorant stimuli that vary widely in composition, intensity and temporal properties. However, stimuli used to study olfaction in the laboratory are much simpler. This mismatch arises from the challenges in measuring and controlling them precisely and accurately. Even simple pulses can have diverse kinetics that depend on their molecular identity. Here, we introduce a model that describes how stimulus kinetics depend on the molecular identity of the odorant and the geometry of the delivery system. We describe methods to deliver dynamic odorant stimuli of several types, including broadly distributed stimuli that reproduce some of the statistics of naturalistic plumes, in a reproducible and precise manner. Finally, we introduce a method to calibrate a photo ionization detector to any odorant it can detect, using no additional components. Our approaches are affordable and flexible and can be used to advance our understanding of how olfactory neurons encode real-world odor signals.