Opposing effects of alcohol on the immune system.
Opposing effects of alcohol on the immune system.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.09.001
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发表时间：
2016-02-04
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Messaoudi I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barr T;Helms C;Grant K;Messaoudi I
几项研究描述了酒精对人类健康的剂量依赖性影响，轻度至中度饮酒者的全因死亡风险低于戒酒者，而重度饮酒者的风险最高。就免疫系统而言，适量饮酒与炎症减轻和疫苗接种反应改善有关，而长期大量饮酒则与淋巴细胞频率降低以及细菌和病毒感染风险增加有关。然而，由于缺乏检查多剂量和不同时间进程的影响的系统研究，人们对酒精对免疫系统产生剂量依赖性影响的机制仍然知之甚少。这篇综述将总结我们目前对适度饮酒与过量饮酒对免疫系统先天性和适应性分支的影响的理解，这些影响源自在人类和动物模型研究中进行的体外和体内研究。
Several studies have described a dose-dependent effect of alcohol on human health with light to moderate drinkers having a lower risk of all-cause mortality than abstainers, while heavy drinkers are at the highest risk. In the case of the immune system, moderate alcohol consumption is associated with reduced inflammation and improved responses to vaccination, while chronic heavy drinking is associated with a decreased frequency of lymphocytes and increased risk of both bacterial and viral infections. However, the mechanisms by which alcohol exerts a dose-dependent effect on the immune system remain poorly understood due to a lack of systematic studies that examine the effect of multiple doses and different time courses. This review will summarize our current understanding of the impact of moderate versus excessive alcohol consumption on the innate and adaptive branches of the immune system derived from both in vitro as well as in vivo studies carried out in humans and animal model studies.