Hypothalamic tanycytes-masters and servants of metabolic, neuroendocrine, and neurogenic functions.
Hypothalamic tanycytes-masters and servants of metabolic, neuroendocrine, and neurogenic functions.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2015.00387
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Hajihosseini MK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goodman T;Hajihosseini MK
人们对紧张性细胞重新产生了兴趣，这是一种放射状的神经胶质样细胞群，占据了第三脑室的底部和室外侧壁(3V)。张力细胞位于调节食欲和能量消耗的下丘脑神经元核团附近，有一个亚群向这些核团发送投射。此外，张力细胞暴露在3V脑脊液中，并通过有窗的毛细血管特权获得血浆代谢物和激素。事实上，一些紧张性细胞充当了将这些分子输送到脑实质的管道。伸展细胞也可以作为神经干细胞/祖细胞，为出生后和成年的下丘脑提供新的神经元。总而言之，这些发现表明，柔韧细胞调节和整合重要的营养和代谢过程，并可能赋予下丘脑神经元回路功能可塑性。因此，操纵tanycell生物学可以提供一个有价值的工具来调节下丘脑的功能，如能量吸收和消耗，以应对普遍存在的饮食障碍，如肥胖和厌食症。
There is a resurgent interest in tanycytes, a radial glial-like cell population occupying the floor and ventro-lateral walls of the third ventricle (3V). Tanycytes reside in close proximity to hypothalamic neuronal nuclei that regulate appetite and energy expenditure, with a subset sending projections into these nuclei. Moreover, tanycytes are exposed to 3V cerebrospinal fluid and have privileged access to plasma metabolites and hormones, through fenestrated capillaries. Indeed, some tanycytes act as conduits for trafficking of these molecules into the brain parenchyma. Tanycytes can also act as neural stem/progenitor cells, supplying the postnatal and adult hypothalamus with new neurons. Collectively, these findings suggest that tanycytes regulate and integrate important trophic and metabolic processes and possibly endow functional malleability to neuronal circuits of the hypothalamus. Hence, manipulation of tanycyte biology could provide a valuable tool for modulating hypothalamic functions such as energy uptake and expenditure in order to tackle prevalent eating disorders such as obesity and anorexia.