Changes in house design reduce exposure to malaria mosquitoes
Changes in house design reduce exposure to malaria mosquitoes
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-3156.2003.01059.x
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发表时间：
2003-06-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Emerson, PM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lindsay, SW;Jawara, M;Emerson, PM
房屋设计可能会影响个人对疟疾寄生虫的接触，从而影响疾病。我们在冈比亚农村的实验小屋进行了一项随机对照研究，以确定安装天花板或关闭屋檐是否可以保护人们免受疟疾蚊子的侵害。对对照小屋进行了五种处理：胶合板天花板;合成网天花板;经过杀虫剂处理的合成网天花板（溴氰菊酯12.5 mg/m（2））;塑料防虫网天花板;或用泥封闭屋檐。通过与当地社区的讨论，对这种干预措施的可接受性进行了调查。天花板的存在减少了冈比亚按蚊（主要的非洲疟疾媒介）进入房屋：胶合板（减少59%），合成网（79%），经杀虫剂处理的合成网（78%），塑料防虫网（80%，所有情况下P < 0.001）和封闭的屋檐（37%，ns）。类似的减少也见于曼森氏菌属，淋巴丝虫病和许多虫媒病毒的载体。蚊帐和防虫网的天花板可能是诱饵陷阱，吸引蚊子进入屋顶空间，但不是房间。在低度至中度传播地区，如果与其他疟疾控制战略结合使用，头孢菌素可能会得到广泛接受，并可能产生最大效益。
House design may affect an individual's exposure to malaria parasites, and hence to disease. We conducted a randomized-controlled study using experimental huts in rural Gambia, to determine whether installing a ceiling or closing the eaves could protect people from malaria mosquitoes. Five treatments were tested against a control hut: plywood ceiling; synthetic-netting ceiling; insecticide-treated synthetic-netting ceiling (deltamethrin 12.5 mg/m(2) ); plastic insect-screen ceiling; or the eaves closed with mud. The acceptability of such interventions was investigated by discussions with local communities. House entry by Anopheles gambiae , the principal African malaria vector, was reduced by the presence of a ceiling: plywood (59% reduction), synthetic-netting (79%), insecticide-treated synthetic-netting (78%), plastic insect-screen (80%, P < 0.001 in all cases) and closed eaves (37%, ns). Similar reductions were also seen with Mansonia spp., vectors of lymphatic filariasis and numerous arboviruses. Netting and insect-screen ceilings probably work as decoy traps attracting mosquitoes into the roof space, but not the room. Ceilings are likely to be well accepted and may be of greatest benefit in areas of low to moderate transmission and when used in combination with other malaria control strategies.