Macropinocytosis: mechanism and targeted therapy in cancers.
Macropinocytosis: mechanism and targeted therapy in cancers.
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Feng Xiao;Jingying Li;K. Huang;Xin Li;Yaping Xiong;Miao-jing Wu;Lei Wu;Wei Kuang;Shi-gang Lv;Lei Wu;Xin-gen Zhu;Hua Guo
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作者：
Feng Xiao;Jingying Li;K. Huang;Xin Li;Yaping Xiong;Miao-jing Wu;Lei Wu;Wei Kuang;Shi-gang Lv;Lei Wu;Xin-gen Zhu;Hua Guo
巨胞饮作用是胞吞作用的一种形式，它为细胞外蛋白质、液体和颗粒的非选择性摄取提供了一种有效的方式。内吞过程由生长因子信号传导途径的激活启动。在生化信号激活后，细胞开始将细胞外溶质和营养物质内化到不规则的内吞囊泡中，称为巨胞饮体，将它们递送到溶酶体中进行降解。巨胞饮在癌细胞的营养供应中起重要作用。由于癌细胞的快速扩张和异常的血管微环境，癌细胞通常缺乏氧气和营养。因此，它们必须改变新陈代谢，才能在这种恶劣的微环境中生存和生长。为了满足其能量需求，癌细胞增强巨胞饮作用的活性。因此，这种被癌细胞利用的代谢适应可以用来开发新的靶向癌症疗法。本文就近年来巨胞饮作用的分子机制以及靶向巨胞饮作用的新型抗癌药物进行综述。
Macropinocytosis is a form of endocytosis which provides an effective way for non-selective uptakes of extracellular proteins, liquids, and particles. The endocytic process is initiated by the activation of the growth factors signaling pathways. After activation of the biochemical signal, the cell starts internalizing extracellular solutes and nutrients into the irregular endocytic vesicles, known as macropinosomes that deliver them into the lysosomes for degradation. Macropinocytosis plays an important role in the nutritional supply of cancer cells. Due to the rapid expansion of cancer cells and the abnormal vascular microenvironment, cancer cells are usually deprived of oxygen and nutrients. Therefore, they must transform their metabolism to survive and grow in this harsh microenvironment. To satisfy their energy needs, cancer cells enhance the activity of macropinocytosis. Therefore, this metabolic adaptation that is used by cancer cells can be exploited to develop new targeted cancer therapies. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanism that actuates the process of macropinocytosis in a variety of cancers, and the novel anti-cancer therapeutics in targeting macropinocytosis.