The Storegga tsunami along the Norwegian coast, its age and run up
The Storegga tsunami along the Norwegian coast, its age and run up
复制标题
挪威海岸斯托雷加海啸的历史和演变过程
DOI：
10.1111/j.1502-3885.1997.tb00649.x
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
P. Kaland
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Bondevik;J. Svendsen;G. Johnsen;J. Mangerud;P. Kaland
25个沿海湖泊的统计数据表明，挪威大部分海岸线都受到了大约7200 - 14C BP大海啸的影响。研究方法是在几个地区高于当代海平面的湖泊盆地的阶梯处取核心，并绘制海啸沉积物的最大海拔。在沉积记录中，海啸被确定为一种侵蚀不整合，上面覆盖着带壳碎片的分级或块状沙子，然后是再沉积的有机碎屑。在挪威大陆斜坡（sunmn øre）上，最靠近Storegga滑坡疤痕的地区，沿海岸（涨潮以上10-11米）出现了有记录的最大起伏。在北部和南部，坡度较小，Bjugn （Sunnmøre以北250公里）约为6-7米，Austrheim （Sunnmerre以南200公里）约为3-5米。这种上升模式支持了海啸是由第二次斯托尔加滑坡引起的说法。记录的上升高度在调查区域内和之间是一致的，这意味着海啸波没有受到当地地形的显著影响，表明波浪长度很长。绘制的累积估计与第二次斯托尔加滑坡产生的海啸的数值模型很好地吻合，并表明该滑坡是一个单一的主要事件，而不是一系列较小的滑坡。
The statigraphy in 25 coastal lakes shows that most of the Norwegian coastline was impacted by a large tsunami about 7200 14C BP. The methodology has been to core a staircase of lake basins above the contemporary sea level in several areas and to map the tsunami deposit to its maximum elevation. The tsunami was identified in the sedimentary record as an erosional unconformity overlain by graded or massive sand with shell fragments, followed by redeposited organic detritus. The greatest recorded runup along the coast (10–11 m above high tide) is found in areas most proximal to the Storegga slide scar on the Norwegian continental slope (Sunnmøre). To the north and south, runup is less, about 6–7 m at Bjugn (250 km north of Sunnmøre) and about 3–5 m in Austrheim (200 km to the south of Sunnmerre). This runup pattern supports the suggestion that the tsunami was generated by the Second Storegga Slide. The recorded runup heights are consistent within and between the investigated areas, and imply that the tsunami wave was not significantly influenced by the local topography, suggesting a very long wave length. The mapped runup estimates are in good agreement with a numerical model of the tsunami generated by the Second Storegga slide, and indicate that the slide was a single major event rather than a set of smaller slides.