5G network deployment and the associated energy consumption in the UK: A complex systems' exploration
5G network deployment and the associated energy consumption in the UK: A complex systems' exploration
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DOI：
10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121672
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发表时间：
2022-04-21
影响因子：
12
通讯作者：
Varga, Liz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cheng, Xiaoyuan;Hu, Yukun;Varga, Liz
投资于通信基础设施转型需要对挑战、优先顺序、风险和不确定性进行大量科学考虑。为了应对这些挑战，采用了自下而上的方法来演示无线网络传输和部署的未来。本研究开发了一个基于智能体的模型，以探索非独立5G网络的未来部署，综合多维数据可视化。本研究特别以英国为例，研究5G演进的时空动态特征，并进一步分析5G网络的能耗和碳足迹，以及由此带来的运营费用格局变化。仿真结果表明，700 MHz和26 GHz将在英国5G部署中发挥重要作用，使基站能够分别满足短期和长期数据流量需求。此外，由于地缘政治限制和禁运，电信在部署5G无线接入网络时可能面临6.3亿至11.9亿英镑的额外成本。网络致密化可能造成一些环境和经济问题。以中等需求情景为例，发现5G无线接入网消耗的电量将占总发电量的2.1%以上，并间接导致2030年碳排放量为990404吨。
Investing in the communication infrastructure transition requires significant scientific consideration of challenges, prioritisation, risks and uncertainties. To address these challenges, a bottom-up approach was used to demonstrate the future of wireless network transmission and deployment. This study developed an agent-based model to explore the future deployment of non-standalone 5G networks, synthesizing multi-dimensional data visualization. In particular, this research took the UK as an example to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamic characteristics of 5G evolution, and further analysed the energy consumption and carbon footprint of 5G networks, as well as the consequent change in the operating expenses pattern. The simulation results show that 700 MHz and 26 GHz will play an important role in 5G deployment in the UK, which allow base stations to meet short-term and long-term data traffic demands respectively. Furthermore, due to the geopolitical restrictions and embargos, telecommunications may face additional costs of 0.63bn pound to 1.19bn pound when deploying 5G radio access networks. Network densification may cause some environmental and economic problems. Take a medium demand scenario as an example, it is found that the electricity consumed by the 5G radio access network will account for more than 2.1% of the total electricity generation, and indirectly lead to 990,404 tonnes carbon emissions in 2030.