The relative advantages of plasticity and fixity in different environments: when is it good for a plant to adjust?
The relative advantages of plasticity and fixity in different environments: when is it good for a plant to adjust?
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1019684612767
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Simms, EL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alpert, P;Simms, EL
植物种群和物种的表型可塑性差异很大。这可能是因为可塑性在某些条件下是有利的，而在其他条件下是不利的或没有优势的。我们区分适应性可塑性与有害可塑性和中性可塑性，并讨论选择何时应有利于适应性可塑性而不是遗传分化或缺乏表型变异。当环境因素在与植物响应单位相同的空间尺度上变化时，当植物对环境因素的反应速度快于因素变化的水平时，以及当环境变化很大但不完全可预测时，假设选择可能有利于可塑性似乎是合理的。当平均资源可用性高而不是低时，当反应可以在发育后期而不是早期发生时，以及当反应是可逆而不是不可逆时，表型可塑性也可能更有利。有大量证据支持可预测性有利于可塑性的假设。然而，现有证据并不支持高平均资源可用性必然有利于可塑性的假设。测试关于植物何时适合进行调整的假设对于理解植物可塑性的多样性至关重要。
Plant populations and species differ greatly in phenotypic plasticity. This could be because plasticity is advantageous under some conditions and disadvantageous or not advantageous under others. We distinguish adaptive from injurious and neutral plasticity and discuss when selection should favor adaptive plasticity over genetic differentiation or lack of phenotypic variation. It seems reasonable to hypothesize that selection is likely to favor plasticity when an environmental factor varies on the same spatial scale as the plant response unit, when the plant can respond to an environmental factor faster than the level of the factor changes, and when environmental variation is highly but not completely predictable. Phenotypic plasticity might also tend to be more advantageous when mean resource availability is high rather than low, when a response can occur late in development rather than early, and when a response is reversible rather than irreversible. There is substantial evidence for the hypothesis that predictability favors plasticity. However, available evidence does not support the hypothesis that high mean resource availability necessarily favors plasticity. Testing hypotheses about when it is good for a plant to adjust is central to understanding the diversity of plasticity in plants.