Meeting fiscal challenges in Japan’s rapidly ageing society
Meeting fiscal challenges in Japan’s rapidly ageing society
复制标题
应对日本快速老龄化社会的财政挑战
DOI：
10.1787/7a7f4973-en
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Haruki Seitani
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Randall S. Jones;Haruki Seitani
2018年日本政府债务总额为GDP的226%，是经合组织地区有记录以来最高的，这将日本经济置于风险之中。政府现在的目标是在2025财年实现基本盈余。在人口迅速老龄化的情况下，为了使政府负债率处于下降趋势，有必要在包括具体支出削减和增税的详细计划的基础上，进行额外的财政整顿。这是一项非常艰巨的任务，一个更强大的财政框架将有助于使政策保持在实现财政目标的轨道上。控制社会支出需要更好地利用医疗资源，尤其是通过减少对医院的过度投资和增加仿制药的使用。另一个优先事项是确保地方政府支出的可持续性，部分方法是通过跨司法管辖区联合提供地方公共服务和基础设施来降低成本，以及在日本许多地区人口减少的情况下发展紧凑型城市。收入增加应主要来自上调消费税，这是经合组织中税率最低的国家之一。此外，应消除税收和福利制度中阻碍就业的因素，因为持续的经济增长对于确保财政可持续性至关重要。
本工作报告涉及经合组织2019年日本经济调查(http://www.oecd.org/economy/japan-economic-snapshot/)
Japan’s gross government debt of 226% of GDP in 2018 is the highest ever recorded in the OECD area, and places the economy at risk. The government now aims to achieve a primary surplus by FY 2025. Additional fiscal consolidation, based on a detailed plan covering specific spending cuts and tax increases, is necessary to put the government debt ratio on a downward trend in the face of rapid population ageing. This is a very difficult task and a stronger fiscal framework would help keep policy on track to achieve fiscal targets. Controlling social spending requires making better use of healthcare resources, in p art by reducing overinvestment in hospitals and increasing the use of generic drugs. Another priority is ensuring the sustainability of local government spending, in part by reducing costs through the joint provision of local public services and infrastructure across jurisdictions and the development of compact cities in the context of depopulation in many parts of Japan. Increased revenue should come primarily from hikes in the consumption tax rate, which is among the lowest in the OECD. In addition, disincentives to employment in the tax and benefit system should be removed, as sustained economic growth is crucial to ensure fiscal sustainability.
This Working Paper relates to the 2019 OECD Economic Survey of Japan (http://www.oecd.org/economy/japan-economic-snapshot/)
长期护理中的按绩效付费和选择性转诊
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
菅原慎矢;菅原慎矢;菅原慎矢;菅原慎矢;菅原慎矢;Shinya Sugawara;菅原慎矢;菅原慎矢;Shinya Sugawara
通讯作者：
Shinya Sugawara
日本卫生系统审查
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Sakamoto H RM;Nomura S;Okamoto E;Koike S;Yasunaga H et al.
通讯作者：
Yasunaga H et al.