Seeing into old age: Vision function beyond acuity
Seeing into old age: Vision function beyond acuity
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DOI：
10.1097/00006324-199903000-00014
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发表时间：
1999-03-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Brabyn, JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haegerstrom-Portnoy, G;Scheck, ME;Brabyn, JA
目的：提供老年人视力以外的视觉功能的综合描述。方法.对900名年龄在58岁至102岁之间（平均年龄为75.5岁）的个体进行双眼测试，佩戴习惯性矫正，进行一系列心理物理测试，包括高低对比度视力、低对比度低亮度视力、残疾眩光、对比敏感度、色觉、立体视敏度、眩光恢复和注意力视野。结果高对比度敏锐度平均保持得相当好，即使到很老的年龄。在对比度或亮度降低或眩光的条件下进行的空间视觉测量显示，大部分老年人的空间视觉受到严重损害。许多老年人在注意力分散的情况下，立体视觉大大降低，颜色辨别力差，周边视野严重受限。一个单一的指数函数性能与年龄适合所有的空间视觉数据集。个体空间测量的函数位于沿着年龄尺度的不同位置。推导出的时间常数为15年的老化函数也符合最近其他关于敏锐度和对比敏感度的老化研究的结果。标准视力低估了许多老年人在日常生活中遇到的非最佳观看条件下所遭受的视觉功能丧失的程度。所有的空间视觉功能都显示出类似的下降率，随着人口的年龄，但下降开始的年龄不同的措施。
Purpose, To provide a comprehensive description of vision function beyond acuity in older individuals. Methods. A sample of 900 individuals between the ages of 58 and 102 years (mean age of 75.5) was binocularly tested wearing habitual correction on a battery of psychophysical tests including high and low contrast acuity, low contrast low luminance acuity, disability glare, contrast sensitivity, color vision, stereoacuity, recovery from glare, and attentional visual fields. Results. High contrast acuity is reasonably well maintained on average, even into very old ages. Spatial vision measures under conditions of reduced contrast or luminance, or glare reveal significant impairment in a large portion of the aged. Many older individuals also have greatly reduced stereopsis, poor color discrimination, and severely restricted peripheral fields under conditions of divided attention. A single exponential function relating performance to age fits all spatial vision data sets. The function for individual spatial measures lies at different positions along the age scale. The derived aging function with a time constant of similar to 15 years also fits results from other recent aging studies of acuity and contrast sensitivity, Conclusions. Standard visual acuity underestimates the degree of vision function loss suffered by many older individuals under the nonoptimal viewing conditions encountered in daily life. All spatial vision functions show a similar rate of decline with age of the population, but the age at which decline begins varies among measures.