Schizophrenia: A Concise Overview of Incidence, Prevalence, and Mortality
Schizophrenia: A Concise Overview of Incidence, Prevalence, and Mortality
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DOI：
10.1093/epirev/mxn001
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Welham, Joy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McGrath, John;Saha, Sukanta;Welham, Joy
最近的系统评价鼓励精神病学研究界重新评估精神分裂症流行病学的轮廓。本文提供了一个简明扼要的概述三个相关的系统评价的发病率，患病率和死亡率与精神分裂症。这些审查共享了关于搜索策略、频率估计分布分析以及关键变量（性别、移民身份、城市化、长期趋势、经济地位和纬度）影响的探索的关键方法学特征。与以前的解释相反，精神分裂症的发病率在不同地点之间表现出显著的差异。精神分裂症的中位发病率为15.2/100，000人，中心80%的估计值在五倍范围内变化（7.7-43.0/100，000）。男性与女性的比率为1.4：1。流行率估计数也显示出显著的差异。精神分裂症的中位终身患病风险为7.2/1，000人。根据标准化死亡率，精神分裂症患者的死亡风险增加了两到三倍（全因死亡率的标准化死亡率中位数为5 2.6），而且这种死亡率差异在最近几十年有所增加。与本地出生的个体相比，移民精神分裂症的发病率和患病率增加。与城市化、经济地位和纬度相关的暴露也与各种频率措施相关。总之，精神分裂症的流行病学特点是突出的变异性和梯度，可以帮助指导未来的研究。
Recent systematic reviews have encouraged the psychiatric research community to reevaluate the contours of schizophrenia epidemiology. This paper provides a concise overview of three related systematic reviews on the incidence, prevalence, and mortality associated with schizophrenia. The reviews shared key methodological features regarding search strategies, analysis of the distribution of the frequency estimates, and exploration of the influence of key variables ( sex, migrant status, urbanicity, secular trend, economic status, and latitude). Contrary to previous interpretations, the incidence of schizophrenia shows prominent variation between sites. The median incidence of schizophrenia was 15.2/100,000 persons, and the central 80% of estimates varied over a fivefold range (7.7-43.0/100,000). The rate ratio for males: females was 1.4:1. Prevalence estimates also show prominent variation. The median lifetime morbid risk for schizophrenia was 7.2/1,000 persons. On the basis of the standardized mortality ratio, people with schizophrenia have a two-to threefold increased risk of dying ( median standardized mortality ratio 5 2.6 for all-cause mortality), and this differential gap in mortality has increased over recent decades. Compared with native-born individuals, migrants have an increased incidence and prevalence of schizophrenia. Exposures related to urbanicity, economic status, and latitude are also associated with various frequency measures. In conclusion, the epidemiology of schizophrenia is characterized by prominent variability and gradients that can help guide future research.