Cultural and Individual Factors Determine Physical Aggression Between Married Partners: Evidence From 34 Countries
Cultural and Individual Factors Determine Physical Aggression Between Married Partners: Evidence From 34 Countries
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DOI：
10.1177/0022022117719497
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发表时间：
2017-08-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Banse, Rainer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ebbeler, Christine;Grau, Ina;Banse, Rainer
目前的研究比较了34个国家的已婚伴侣之间的身体攻击的发生率和程度，并研究了其与文化因素（性别不平等指数，人类发展指数，霍夫施泰德的维度个人主义和权力距离），人口统计学变量（年龄，性别，收入）和夫妇变量（决策平等）的关系。国家的选择是基于文化因素的差异最大化。由于四个文化因素之间的高度相关性，同时进行的调查面临多重共线性的问题，而单独的调查将导致冗余的结果。因此，提出了一个综合解放指数，在人类发展程度高、个人主义程度高、性别不平等程度低和权力距离低的国家，解放指数最高。在每个国家，参与者被要求指出几种类型的攻击他们的合作伙伴的频率和他们的合作伙伴的攻击行为对他们的频率。多水平分析表明，攻击水平是由较低的年龄，较低的收入，较少的平等决策的夫妇，和较低的解放。作为女性，较低的收入，较少的平等决策，较少的解放与性别差异在犯下的侵略（男性比女性侵略）。相互作用的影响表明，平等的决策保护免受侵略和主要是男性的侵略，特别是在低解放的国家。
The current study compared the incidence and magnitude of physical aggression among married partners in 34 countries and examined its association with cultural factors (Gender Inequality Index, Human Development Index, Hofstede's dimensions individualism, and power distance), demographic variables (age, sex, income), and couple variables (equality in decision making). Countries were chosen on the basis of maximizing the variance of the cultural factors. Due to the high intercorrelations between the four cultural factors, simultaneous examination faced the problem of multicollinearity, while separate investigations would have led to redundant results. Therefore, an aggregated emancipation index was proposed, which is highest in countries with high human development, high individualism, low gender inequality, and low power distance. In each country, participants were asked to indicate the frequency of several types of aggression against their partner and the frequency of their partner's aggressive behavior toward them. Multilevel analysis showed that aggression level was accounted for by lower age, lower income, less equality in decision making within the couple, and lower emancipation. Being female, lower income, less equality in decision making, and less emancipation were associated with sex differences in perpetrating aggression (more male than female aggression). Interaction effects showed that equality in decision making protects from aggression and predominantly male aggression especially in countries low in emancipation.