Evidence suggesting that desire-state attribution may govern food sharing in Eurasian jays
Evidence suggesting that desire-state attribution may govern food sharing in Eurasian jays
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有证据表明，欲望状态归因可能控制欧亚松鸦的食物分享
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1209926110
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Clayton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Ostojić;R. C. Shaw;L. Cheke;N. Clayton
状态归因是一种将他人的内在生活归因于他人的能力，就像自己的内心生活一样，并理解他人行为背后的内在心理状态，如欲望、希望、信仰和知识。尽管进行了广泛的研究，但比较研究仍难以充分整合进化和发展心理学以及同理心研究所确定的状态归因的关键因素。在这里，我们开发了一种行为范式来解决这些问题，并研究雄性欧亚松鸦在分享食物时是否会对雌性伴侣不断变化的欲望状态做出反应。我们证明雄性会根据雌性当前的食物偏好灵活地喂养其配偶。至关重要的是，我们表明雄性需要查看雌性之前吃过什么才能知道她当前想要什么食物。因此，雄性的分享模式不仅仅是对配偶行为的反应，表明她对他应该分享的东西的偏好，也不是对雄性自身欲望状态的反应。我们的研究结果提出了一种可能性，即这些鸟类可能能够将欲望归因于它们的配偶。
State-attribution is the ability to ascribe to others an internal life like one’s own and to understand that internal, psychological states such as desire, hope, belief, and knowledge underlie others’ actions. Despite extensive research, comparative studies struggle to adequately integrate key factors of state-attribution that have been identified by evolutionary and developmental psychology as well as research on empathy. Here, we develop a behavioral paradigm to address these issues and investigate whether male Eurasian jays respond to the changing desire-state of their female partners when sharing food. We demonstrate that males feed their mates flexibly according to the female’s current food preference. Critically, we show that the males need to see what the female has previously eaten to know what food she will currently want. Consequently, the males’ sharing pattern was not simply a response to their mate’s behavior indicating her preference as to what he should share, nor was it a response to the males’ own desire-state. Our results raise the possibility that these birds may be capable of ascribing desire to their mates.