A compact cryosurgical apparatus for minimally invasive procedures.
A compact cryosurgical apparatus for minimally invasive procedures.
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用于微创手术的紧凑型冷冻手术设备。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Wolmark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Rabin;T. Julian;N. Wolmark
介绍了一种用于微创冷冻手术的新型液氮装置。冷冻探针是专为乳腺肿瘤设计的；然而，它可以用于治疗其他肿瘤。该冷冻探针有三个主要部件，冷冻针、保温外壳和保护管，它们可以作为操作的一部分组装。这种特殊的组件使低温探针穿透对周围组织的破坏最小，并允许通过立体定向或针定位技术对低温探针尖端进行精确定位。另一种冷冻探针由冷冻针和保温壳刚性连接而成。液氮供应系统有两个主要组成部分，即气压源和液氮容器，它们在物理上是分开的。这种特殊配置允许将液氮容器放置在冷冻组织附近，并减少冷冻探针进料管的长度。反过来，减少了对周围环境的热损失，因此减少了冷却剂的消耗。短进料管允许在低压下安全操作。该设备的小尺寸使其在冷冻手术中具有吸引力。它已在明胶溶液和猪骨骼肌和肝脏中进行了评估。体内结果与明胶溶液中获得的关于冷冻区域尺寸的结果没有显著差异。使用三个冷冻探针配置，在11分钟内获得了平均直径为50 mm，长度为75 mm的冷冻区域。该过程的热效率为43%。
A new liquid-nitrogen-based apparatus for minimally invasive cryosurgery is presented. The cryoprobe was designed for application to breast tumors; however, it can be used for the treatment of other tumors. The cryoprobe has three major components, a cryoneedle, a thermal insulation shell, and a protective tube, which may be assembled as part of the operation. This special assembly keeps destruction to surrounding tissues due to cryoprobe penetration minimal, and allows accurate localization of the cryoprobe tip by means of stereotactic or needle-localization techniques. An alternative cryoprobe consists of a cryoneedle and a thermal insulation shell, which are rigidly connected. The liquid nitrogen supply system has two major components, an air-pressure source and a liquid nitrogen container, which are physically separated. This special configuration allows placement of the liquid nitrogen container adjacent to the cryotreated tissue and decreases the length of the cryoprobe feeding tube. In turn, heat losses to the surroundings are reduced, and therefore coolant consumption is reduced. The short feeding tube allows safe operation at low pressures. The small size of the apparatus makes it attractive for cryosurgical operations. It has been evaluated in gelatin solutions and in porcine skeletal muscle and liver. In-vivo results do not differ significantly from those obtained in gelatin solutions with regard to the dimensions of frozen regions. Using a three cryoprobe configuration, a frozen region with an average diameter of 50 mm and a length of 75 mm was obtained within 11 minutes. The thermal efficiency of that procedure was found to be 43%.