The Swarming Motility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Is Blocked by Cranberry Proanthocyanidins and Other Tannin-Containing Materials
The Swarming Motility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Is Blocked by Cranberry Proanthocyanidins and Other Tannin-Containing Materials
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.02677-10
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Tufenkji, Nathalie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O'May, Che;Tufenkji, Nathalie
细菌运动性在细菌的表面定殖和随后形成称为生物膜的细菌抗性群落中起关键作用。蔓越莓果实的衍生物，主要是被称为原花青素（PAC）的缩合单宁，已被报道干扰细菌粘附，但PAC和其他单宁对细菌运动性的影响在很大程度上仍然未知。在这项研究中，我们调查是否蔓越莓PAC（CPAC）和石榴（PG;安石榴苷）中的可水解单宁影响铜绿假单胞菌所表现出的能动性水平。这种细菌利用鞭毛介导的游动运动接近表面，附着，然后通过表面相关的运动进一步传播，称为群集和抽搐，分别由多个鞭毛和IV型皮利介导。在测试的条件下，CPAC和PG完全阻断群集运动，但不阻断游泳或抽搐运动。其他含蔓越莓的物质和绿色茶的提取物（也富含单宁）也能够阻止或损害群集运动。此外，群集的细菌被浸渍有许多含单宁材料的滤纸盘所排斥。生长实验表明，这些化合物中的大多数不会损害细菌生长。当CPAC-或PG-含介质补充表面活性剂（鼠李糖脂），群集运动部分恢复，这表明有效的单宁是部分作用的鼠李糖脂相关的机制。通过证明单宁诱导的非群集细菌周围的琼脂比群集细菌周围的琼脂区域的亲水性低得多，进一步支持了这一理论。这是第一项研究表明，含有单宁的天然化合物能够阻止铜绿假单胞菌的群集运动，并且群集细菌被这些化合物排斥。
Bacterial motility plays a key role in the colonization of surfaces by bacteria and the subsequent formation of resistant communities of bacteria called biofilms. Derivatives of cranberry fruit, predominantly condensed tannins called proanthocyanidins (PACs) have been reported to interfere with bacterial adhesion, but the effects of PACs and other tannins on bacterial motilities remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated whether cranberry PAC (CPAC) and the hydrolyzable tannin in pomegranate (PG; punicalagin) affected the levels of motilities exhibited by the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This bacterium utilizes flagellum-mediated swimming motility to approach a surface, attaches, and then further spreads via the surface-associated motilities designated swarming and twitching, mediated by multiple flagella and type IV pili, respectively. Under the conditions tested, both CPAC and PG completely blocked swarming motility but did not block swimming or twitching motilities. Other cranberry-containing materials and extracts of green tea (also rich in tannins) were also able to block or impair swarming motility. Moreover, swarming bacteria were repelled by filter paper discs impregnated with many tannin-containing materials. Growth experiments demonstrated that the majority of these compounds did not impair bacterial growth. When CPAC- or PG-containing medium was supplemented with surfactant (rhamnolipid), swarming motility was partially restored, suggesting that the effective tannins are in part acting by a rhamnolipid-related mechanism. Further support for this theory was provided by demonstrating that the agar surrounding tannin-induced nonswarming bacteria was considerably less hydrophilic than the agar area surrounding swarming bacteria. This is the first study to show that natural compounds containing tannins are able to block P. aeruginosa swarming motility and that swarming bacteria are repelled by such compounds.