Cell Membrane Tethers Generate Mechanical Force in Response to Electrical Stimulation
Cell Membrane Tethers Generate Mechanical Force in Response to Electrical Stimulation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bpj.2010.05.025
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发表时间：
2010-08-04
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Anvari, Bahman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brownell, William E.;Qian, Feng;Anvari, Bahman
活细胞在其膜上维持着巨大的跨膜电场。由于膜表面带高电荷，因此电场对膜施加力。我们使用光学捕获珠将质膜与细胞骨架分离并形成细长的圆柱体（系链），测量了细胞膜产生的机电力。超极化电位增加，去极化电位减少拉动绳索所需的力。响应正弦电压信号的膜系链力是保持电势、系链直径和系链长度的函数。膜机电力的产生速度可以超过基于 ATP 的蛋白质马达。通过利用跨膜电场中的能量，细胞膜可能有助于外毛细胞电动性、离子通道门控和运输等多种过程。
Living cells maintain a huge transmembrane electric field across their membranes. This electric field exerts a force on the membrane because the membrane surfaces are highly charged. We have measured electromechanical force generation by cell membranes using optically trapped beads to detach the plasma membrane from the cytoskeleton and form long thin cylinders (tethers). Hyperpolarizing potentials increased and depolarizing potentials decreased the force required to pull a tether. The membrane tether force in response to sinusoidal voltage signals was a function of holding potential, tether diameter, and tether length. Membrane electromechanical force production can occur at speeds exceeding those of ATP-based protein motors. By harnessing the energy in the transmembrane electric field, cell membranes may contribute to processes as diverse as outer hair cell electromotility, ion channel gating, and transport.