Marine foraging by Ospreys in southwest Scotland: implications for the species' distribution in western Europe
Marine foraging by Ospreys in southwest Scotland: implications for the species' distribution in western Europe
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苏格兰西南部鱼鹰的海洋觅食：对该物种在西欧分布的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Elizabeth W. Tindal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Marquiss;L. Robinson;Elizabeth W. Tindal
大多数在英国繁殖的鱼鹰都在苏格兰，以淡水鱼为食。一些东海岸的配对在夏天使用河口鱼类，但在春天仍然依靠淡水觅食。然而，在2004年和2005年，苏格兰西南部的一对主要以海鱼为食。这一对在繁殖季节早期以淡水鱼为食，但主要以海鱼为食。在潮汐周期的不同阶段捕获的海洋猎物，灰色鲻鱼，Garfish Belone Belone和比目鱼（Pleuronectidae），因此这些鱼鹰几乎可以全天从海洋中觅食。对古北鱼鹰饮食研究的回顾表明，该范围北部的大多数鸟类依赖于淡水喂养，而在低纬度和温暖水域，它们倾向于在海洋中觅食。目前盛夏海面温度（SST）为12-13°C，英国处于依赖淡水和依赖海洋鱼鹰之间的过渡区。我们可以预见，随着该物种在英国南部的传播，许多鸟类将以海鱼为食，在西部和南部海岸有大量种群的空间。如果目前的气候变化趋势继续下去，海温进一步上升，我们还可以预测北海周围的海洋觅食鱼鹰种群。
Most breeding Ospreys Pandion haliaetus in the UK are in Scotland and feed on freshwater fish. Some east-coast pairs use estuarine fish in summer but still depend on freshwater foraging in spring. However, a pair in southwest Scotland fed predominantly on marine fish in both 2004 and 2005. This pair took freshwater fish early in the breeding season, but fed mainly marine fish to their young. The marine prey, grey mullet Chelon/Liza, Garfish Belone belone and flatfish (Pleuronectidae), were taken at different stages of the tidal cycle, so these Ospreys could feed from the sea almost throughout the day. A review of dietary studies of Palearctic Ospreys shows that most birds in the north of the range are dependent on freshwater feeding, whereas at lower latitudes and in warm waters they tend to forage in the sea. With current midsummer sea surface temperatUres (SST) of 12-13°C, the UK lies in the transition zone between freshwater-dependent and marine-dependent Ospreys. We can anticipate that, as the species spreads across southern Britain, many birds will feed on sea fish and there is scope for substantial populations on the western and southern coasts. If current c'limate change trends continue and SST rise further, we can also anticipate a marine-foraging Osprey population around the North Sea.