Coronary flow reserve in mice: effects of age, coronary disease, and vascular loading.
Coronary flow reserve in mice: effects of age, coronary disease, and vascular loading.
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DOI：
10.1109/iembs.2010.5627571
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Taffet GE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hartley CJ;Reddy AK;Michael LH;Entman ML;Chintalagattu V;Khakoo AY;Taffet GE
小鼠现在通常用作人类心血管疾病和病症的模型，但测量冠状动脉等小血管中的血流速度具有挑战性。因此，我们开发了一种方法，使用2 mm直径20 MHz脉冲多普勒探头应用于麻醉小鼠的胸部，以无创地测量左冠状动脉血流速度。我们还发现，通过将异氟醚气体麻醉浓度从1%改变为2.5%，可以使冠状动脉血流速度从基线（B）增加到充血（H）水平，并且H水平与腺苷诱导的水平相似或更高。我们使用H/B比值来评估年轻、成年和老年小鼠以及动脉粥样硬化、冠状动脉闭塞、压力超负荷和血管紧张素输注小鼠的冠状动脉血流储备（CFR）。我们发现，H/B随年龄增长而增加，从2.4（年轻人）增加到3.6（老年人），并因各种形式的冠状动脉和血管疾病而降低，因压力超负荷而低至1.1。我们的结论是，CFR可以测量非侵入性和连续在小鼠的心血管系统适应和重塑各种强加的或自然的条件下，左主干冠状动脉血流储备可能是一个很好的指标，全球心脏功能。
Mice are now commonly used as models of human cardiovascular diseases and conditions, but it is challenging to measure blood flow velocity in small vessels such as coronary arteries. Accordingly, we have developed a method using a 2 mm diameter 20 MHz pulsed Doppler probe applied to the chest of an anesthetized mouse to measure left main coronary blood flow velocity noninvasively. We also found that coronary flow velocity could be increased from baseline (B) to hyperemic (H) levels by changing the concentration of isoflurane gas anesthesia from 1% to 2.5% in oxygen and that the H levels are similar to or higher than those induced by adenosine. We used the ratio H/B to estimate coronary flow reserve (CFR) in young, adult, and old mice and in mice with atherosclerosis, coronary occlusion, pressure overload, and angiotensin infusion. We found that H/B increases with age from 2.4 (young) to 3.6 (old) and is reduced by all forms of coronary and vascular disease to as low as 1.1 by pressure overload. We conclude that CFR can be measured noninvasively and serially in mice as their cardiovascular systems adapt and remodel to various imposed or natural conditions, and that left main coronary flow reserve may be a good index of global cardiac function.