Gender differences in peer review of innovation
Gender differences in peer review of innovation
复制标题
创新同行评审中的性别差异
DOI：
10.1002/sej.1429
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
J. Terrile, Richard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Belz, Andrea P.;Graddy‐Reed, Alexandra;Hanewicz, Isabel;J. Terrile, Richard
研究摘要同行评审中的性别差异及其对创新融资的相关影响有很好的记录，但不太清楚。我们在美国国家航空航天局小企业创新研究计划中研究同行评议，这是一项旨在增加妇女获得创新资金的公共倡议。我们的理论是，评论者不恰当地使用身份特征作为解释，并产生性别偏见。计量经济学分析表明，对女性申请人的直接偏见的证据，与新来者在证明个人的合法性，而不是对相关公司的组织合法性的关注的挑战。我们还展示了纠正再分配，以扭转这种偏见，创造公平的资金结果。由于这些结果对创新的多样性产生负面影响，我们提出了政策建议，以克服这种偏见。Managerability SummaryPeer review是一个重要的机制，排名和选择技术提案的资金。我们研究性别的作用，在政府计划进行这一进程。控制提案质量和其他因素，我们发现，提案人的性别与较低的分数。这种影响与新加入该方案的女性提出的建议有关，表明她们在证明作为这些项目领导者的可信度方面面临挑战，而且由于妇女在新来者中所占比例过高而加剧。随后，该计划扭转了这种偏见，使资金结果不会显示出同样的不公平。这对支持创新中性别多样性的政策具有重要影响。
Research SummaryGender differences in peer review and the associated impact on innovation financing are well documented but less well understood. We study peer review in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Small Business Innovation Research program, a public initiative seeking to increase women's access to innovation funds. We theorize that reviewers use status characteristics inappropriately as heuristics and create gender bias. Econometric analysis shows evidence of direct bias against female applicants, an effect linked to challenges for newcomers in demonstrating individual legitimacy rather than concerns about the organizational legitimacy of the associated firm. We also demonstrate a corrective redistribution to reverse this bias and create equity in the funding outcome. As these results negatively impact diversity in innovation, we propose policy recommendations to overcome this bias.Managerial SummaryPeer review is an important mechanism to rank and select technical proposals for funding. We examine the role of gender in a government program conducting this process. Controlling for the proposal quality and other factors, we show that the gender of the proposer is linked to lower scores. This effect is associated with proposals from females who are new to the program, suggesting their challenges in demonstrating credibility as leaders of these projects, and exacerbated by the fact that women represent a disproportionately high share of newcomers. Subsequently, the program reverses this bias such that the funding outcomes do not show the same inequities. This has important implications for policies supporting gender diversity in innovation.