Nucleocytoplasmic Transport: Regulatory Mechanisms and the Implications in Neurodegeneration.

Nucleocytoplasmic Transport: Regulatory Mechanisms and the Implications in Neurodegeneration.
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核质转运:调节机制及其在神经退行性变中的意义。

DOI:
10.3390/ijms22084165
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发表时间:
2021-04-17
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Sepehrimanesh M
Sepehrimanesh M
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ding B;Sepehrimanesh M

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核胞质转运(NCT)在真核细胞中受到精确的调控,在维持细胞内环境的稳定中起着关键作用。越来越多的证据表明,NCT的失调与衰老和与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病有关,包括肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS)、额颞叶痴呆(FTD)、阿尔茨海默病(AD)和亨廷顿病(HD)。这是一个新兴的研究领域。NCT受损的分子机制和导致神经退行性变的发病机制尚不清楚。本文综述了NCT机制的组成,包括核膜(NE)、核孔复合体(NPC)、重要蛋白和出口蛋白、RanGTP酶及其调节因子,以及蛋白质和转录本货物的核运输调控机制。此外,我们还讨论了NCT受损与衰老和神经退行性疾病(如ALS/FTD、HD和AD)相关的可能的分子机制。
Nucleocytoplasmic transport (NCT) across the nuclear envelope is precisely regulated in eukaryotic cells, and it plays critical roles in maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that dysregulations of NCT are implicated in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and Huntington disease (HD). This is an emerging research field. The molecular mechanisms underlying impaired NCT and the pathogenesis leading to neurodegeneration are not clear. In this review, we comprehensively described the components of NCT machinery, including nuclear envelope (NE), nuclear pore complex (NPC), importins and exportins, RanGTPase and its regulators, and the regulatory mechanisms of nuclear transport of both protein and transcript cargos. Additionally, we discussed the possible molecular mechanisms of impaired NCT underlying aging and neurodegenerative diseases, such as ALS/FTD, HD, and AD.
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