Neurosensory Effects of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation
Neurosensory Effects of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brs.2014.08.005
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发表时间：
2014-11-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Gharabaghi, Alireza
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Raco, Valerio;Bauer, Robert;Gharabaghi, Alireza
背景：脑电刺激会引起与预期刺激效果无关的神经感觉副作用。这在设计盲控条件的研究时提出了挑战。 目的：本研究的目的是调查不同经颅交流电刺激 (tACS) 参数（即强度、频率和电极蒙太奇）对引起神经感觉副作用的概率、持续时间和强度的作用。方法：在第一项研究中，我们检查了 tACS 对 15 名健康受试者在 8 秒内的光幻觉、头晕、压力和皮肤感觉的影响。不同幅度（1500μA、1000μA、500μA、250μA）、频率（2Hz、4Hz、8Hz、16Hz、32Hz、64Hz）和蒙太奇（F3/F4、F3/C4、F3/P4、P3/F4、P3/C4、P3/P4）的刺激。在第二项研究中，10 名健康受试者接受 60 秒的 tACS（1000 μA、2 Hz 与 16 Hz、F3/F4 与 P3/P4），并被要求每 12 秒对感觉强度进行评级。 结果：第一项研究表明，所有刺激参数都会影响感觉的概率和强度。对于正面蒙太奇和更高频率来说，光幻视最有可能且最强。顶叶蒙太奇和刺激频率为 4 Hz 时，头晕最有可能且最强。当分别在中央区域和后部蒙太奇进行刺激时，皮肤感觉和压力更有可能发生。第二项研究还表明，感觉的概率和强度在较长的刺激时间内既不会改变，也不会受到残留效应的影响。结论：我们证明了 tACS 引起的感觉的强度和可能性是由刺激参数具体调节的。因此，目前的工作可能有助于为 tACS 研究建立有效的致盲条件。 (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
Background: Electrical brain stimulation can elicit neurosensory side effects that are unrelated to the intended stimulation effects. This presents a challenge when designing studies with blinded control conditions.Objective: The aim of this research was to investigate the role of different transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) parameters, i.e. intensity, frequency, and electrode montage, on the probability, duration and intensity of elicited neurosensory side effects.Methods: In a first study, we examined the influence of tACS on sensations of phosphenes, dizziness, pressure, and skin sensation in fifteen healthy subjects, during 8 s of stimulation with different amplitudes (1500 mu A, 1000 mu A, 500 mu A, 250 mu A), frequencies (2 Hz, 4 Hz, 8 Hz, 16 Hz, 32 Hz, 64 Hz), and montages (F3/F4, F3/C4, F3/P4, P3/F4, P3/C4, P3/P4). In a second study, ten healthy subjects were exposed to 60 s of tACS (1000 mu A, 2 Hz versus 16 Hz, F3/F4 versus P3/P4) and were asked to rate the intensity of sensations every 12 s.Results: The first study showed that all stimulation parameters had an influence on the probability and intensity of sensations. Phosphenes were most likely and strongest for frontal montages and higher frequencies. Dizziness was most likely and strongest for parietal montages and at stimulation frequency of 4 Hz. Skin sensations and pressure was more likely when stimulation was performed across central regions and at posterior montages, respectively. The second study also revealed that the probability and the intensity of sensations were neither modified during more extended periods of stimulation nor affected by carry-over effects.Conclusion: We demonstrated that the strength and the likelihood of sensations elicited by tACS were specifically modulated by the stimulation parameters. The present work may therefore be instrumental in establishing effective blinding conditions for studies with tACS. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.