The historical trauma response among natives and its relationship with substance abuse: A Lakota illustration
The historical trauma response among natives and its relationship with substance abuse: A Lakota illustration
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DOI：
10.1080/02791072.2003.10399988
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Heart, MYHB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heart, MYHB
历史性创伤（Historical trauma，HT）是一种群体性创伤经历所产生的、在人的一生中或跨代累积的情感和心理创伤;历史性创伤反应（Historical trauma response，HTR）是对这种创伤的一系列反应。HTR通常包括抑郁症，自我毁灭行为，自杀想法和手势，焦虑，低自尊，愤怒以及难以识别和表达情绪。它可能包括药物滥用，通常是试图通过自我治疗来避免痛苦的感觉。历史未解决的悲伤是伴随HTR的相关影响;这种悲伤可能被认为是固定的，受损的，延迟的和/或被剥夺的。本文将解释HT理论和HTR，描述HTR的特征及其在文献中的基础，提供HT和HTR的具体本土例子，并将建议将HT理论纳入治疗、研究和评估的方法。文章最后将对所有遭受大规模创伤的人群提出建议。
Historical trauma (HT) is cumulative emotional and psychological wounding over the lifespan and across generations, emanating from massive group trauma experiences; the historical trauma response (HTR) is the constellation of features in reaction to this trauma. The HTR often includes depression, self-destructive behavior, suicidal thoughts and gestures, anxiety, low self-esteem, anger, and difficulty recognizing and expressing emotions. It may include substance abuse, often an attempt to avoid painful feelings through self-medication. Historical unresolved grief is the associated affect that accompanies HTR; this grief may be considered fixated, impaired, delayed, and/or disenfranchised. This article will explain HT theory and the HTR, delineate the features of the HTR and its grounding in the literature, offer specific Native examples of HT and HTR, and will suggest ways to incorporate HT theory in treatment, research and evaluation. The article will conclude with implications for all massively traumatized populations.