The Neural Foundations of Reaction and Action in Aversive Motivation
The Neural Foundations of Reaction and Action in Aversive Motivation
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DOI：
10.1007/7854_2015_401
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
LeDoux, Joseph E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Campese, Vincent D.;Sears, Robert M.;LeDoux, Joseph E.
厌恶学习的许多早期研究都涉及回避条件反射和相关范式的动机和强化。当该领域转向孤立地关注巴甫洛夫威胁条件反射时，这为清楚地理解近几十年来出现的此类学习和记忆的心理学原理以及神经和分子机制铺平了道路。目前，人们正在重新审视回避条件反射，并且凭借对联想厌恶学习的了解，正在取得快速进展。下面我们回顾了关于工具性主动回避任务和条件厌恶动机学习至关重要的神经基质的文献。
Much of the early research in aversive learning concerned motivation and reinforcement in avoidance conditioning and related paradigms. When the field transitioned toward the focus on Pavlovian threat conditioning in isolation, this paved the way for the clear understanding of the psychological principles and neural and molecular mechanisms responsible for this type of learning and memory that has unfolded over recent decades. Currently, avoidance conditioning is being revisited, and with what has been learned about associative aversive learning, rapid progress is being made. We review, below, the literature on the neural substrates critical for learning in instrumental active avoidance tasks and conditioned aversive motivation.