Variations in deep-sea hydrothermal vent communities on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge near the Azores plateau
Variations in deep-sea hydrothermal vent communities on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge near the Azores plateau
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DOI：
10.1016/s0967-0637(00)00083-2
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发表时间：
2001-05-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Vangriesheim, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Desbruyères, D;Biscoito, M;Vangriesheim, A
在亚速尔群岛三联点附近，随着亚速尔群岛高原的靠近，脊轴变浅;它的深度从彩虹喷口区（北纬36度13 '）的约2400米减少到约2400米。在MENEZ GWEN通风口保持850米（37度35 'N）。在这一地区，广泛的贻贝科Bathymodiolus azoricus的贻贝层在热液喷口动物群中占主导地位，沿着的还有三种虾（Rimicaris exoculata、Mirocaris fortunata和Chorocaris chacei）。通过不连续取样、原位分析和沉积物捕获系泊，研究了喷口生境的主要物理和化学特征。喷口动物群沿着喷口流体和海水混合的可变带分布，其中R. exoculata生活在最集中的地区和Bathydiolus azoricus在最稀释的地区。各种非特有物种生活在喷口区的边界。沿着深度梯度观察到的群落结构和组成的变化很可能是由于喷口流体毒性（金属和硫化物含量）和悬浮矿物颗粒的变化，这使得流体对生活在那里的物种来说更加严酷。LUCKY GWEN热液区和MENEZ GWEN热液区之间观察到的主要动物区系差异是由于热液特有物种的减少和半深海物种的渗透。三个研究的喷口领域的比较表明，存在一系列的几个地理岛屿，而不是一个单一的省。(C)2001年由Elsevier Science Ltd.出版
Near the Azores Triple Junction as the Azores Plateau is approached, the ridge axis becomes shallower; its depth decreases from ca, 2400 m in the RAINBOW vent field (36 degrees 13'N) to ca. 850 m in the MENEZ GWEN vent held (37 degrees 35'N). In this area, extensive mussel beds of the mytilid Bathymodiolus azoricus dominate the hydrothermal vent fauna, along with populations of three shrimps (Rimicaris exoculata, Mirocaris fortunata and Chorocaris chacei). The main physical and chemical characteristics of the vent habitat were studied by discrete sampling, in situ analysis and sediment trap moorings. The vent fauna is distributed along a variable band where the vent fluids and seawater mix, with R. exoculata living in the most concentrated areas and Bathymodiolus azoricus in the most diluted zones. Various non-endemic species live at the border of the vent field. The variations observed in structure and composition of the communities along the depth gradient are most likely due to changes in vent fluid toxicity (metallic and sulphide content) and suspended mineral particles, which render the fluids harsher for species living there. The main faunal differences observed between LUCKY STRIKE and MENEZ GWEN hydrothermal fields are due to an impoverishment in the hydrothermal endemic species and to the penetration of bathyal species. The comparison of the three studied vent fields suggests the existence of a succession of several biogeographic islands rather than a single province. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.