Semi-Complete Data Augmentation for Efficient State Space Model Fitting

Semi-Complete Data Augmentation for Efficient State Space Model Fitting
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用于高效状态空间模型拟合的半完整数据增强

DOI:
10.1080/10618600.2022.2077350
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
2.4
通讯作者:
Borowska A
Borowska A
中科院分区:
数学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Borowska A

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我们提出了一种新的有效的模型拟合算法的状态空间模型。状态空间模型是一种直观而灵活的模型,经常使用,这是由于它们对作用于感兴趣系统的不同机制的自然分离的组合:潜在的底层系统过程;和观察过程。然而,这种灵活性往往是以更复杂的模型拟合算法为代价的,因为相关的分析上难以处理的可能性。在一般情况下,通常采用贝叶斯数据增强方法,其中真实的未知状态被视为辅助变量,并在MCMC算法中进行插补。然而,标准的“香草”MCMC算法可能会因为估算的状态和/或参数之间的高度相关性而表现得非常差,这通常会导致开发出不可转移到替代模型的模型特定的定制算法。所提出的方法解决了传统方法的效率低下,结合数据增强与数值积分的贝叶斯混合方法。这种方法允许使用标准的“香草”更新算法,在改进的混合和较低的自相关方面比传统的方法表现得更好,并有可能被纳入定制的模型特定的算法。为了证明这些想法,我们将我们的半完整数据增强算法应用于不同的应用领域和模型,从而产生不同的实施方案和改进的混合,并展示模型参数的改进混合。本文的补充材料可在网上查阅。
We propose a novel efficient model-fitting algorithm for state space models. State space models are an intuitive and flexible class of models, frequently used due to the combination of their natural separation of the different mechanisms acting on the system of interest: the latent underlying system process; and the observation process. This flexibility, however, often comes at the price of more complicated model-fitting algorithms due to the associated analytically intractable likelihood. For the general case a Bayesian data augmentation approach is often employed, where the true unknown states are treated as auxiliary variables and imputed within the MCMC algorithm. However, standard “vanilla” MCMC algorithms may perform very poorly due to high correlation between the imputed states and/or parameters, often leading to model-specific bespoke algorithms being developed that are nontransferable to alternative models. The proposed method addresses the inefficiencies of traditional approaches by combining data augmentation with numerical integration in a Bayesian hybrid approach. This approach permits the use of standard “vanilla” updating algorithms that perform considerably better than the traditional approach in terms of improved mixing and lower autocorrelation, and has the potential to be incorporated into bespoke model-specific algorithms. To demonstrate the ideas, we apply our semi-complete data augmentation algorithm to different application areas and models, leading to distinct implementation schemes and improved mixing and demonstrating improved mixing of the model parameters. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
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