The building blocks of economic complexity
The building blocks of economic complexity
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0900943106
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发表时间：
2009-06-30
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Hausmann, Ricardo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hidalgo, Cesar A.;Hausmann, Ricardo
对亚当·斯密来说，财富与劳动分工有关。随着人们和企业专门从事不同的活动，经济效率提高，这表明发展与个体活动数量的增加以及它们之间的相互作用所产生的复杂性有关。在这里，我们开发了一个经济增长和发展的观点，通过将贸易数据解释为一个双边网络，其中国家与他们出口的产品相连接，并表明可以通过描述这个网络的结构来量化一个国家经济的复杂性，从而使一个国家经济的复杂性发挥核心作用。此外，我们表明，我们得到的复杂性的措施与一个国家的收入水平，并从这种关系的偏差是预测未来的增长。这表明，各国倾向于趋同于由其生产结构的复杂性决定的收入水平，这表明发展努力应侧重于创造条件，使复杂性得以出现，从而产生持续增长和繁荣。
For Adam Smith, wealth was related to the division of labor. As people and firms specialize in different activities, economic efficiency increases, suggesting that development is associated with an increase in the number of individual activities and with the complexity that emerges from the interactions between them. Here we develop a view of economic growth and development that gives a central role to the complexity of a country's economy by interpreting trade data as a bipartite network in which countries are connected to the products they export, and show that it is possible to quantify the complexity of a country's economy by characterizing the structure of this network. Furthermore, we show that the measures of complexity we derive are correlated with a country's level of income, and that deviations from this relationship are predictive of future growth. This suggests that countries tend to converge to the level of income dictated by the complexity of their productive structures, indicating that development efforts should focus on generating the conditions that would allow complexity to emerge to generate sustained growth and prosperity.