Temperament trait of sensory processing sensitivity moderates cultural differences in neural response
Temperament trait of sensory processing sensitivity moderates cultural differences in neural response
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/scan/nsq028
复制
发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Gabrieli, John D. E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aron, Arthur;Ketay, Sarah;Gabrieli, John D. E.
这项研究的重点是气质与文化之间可能的相互作用。具体来说，它探讨了在对简单视觉刺激做出上下文相关与上下文无关的判断时，可能具有遗传成分的基本气质/人格特征（感觉处理敏感性；SPS）是否可能调节先前建立的神经反应文化差异。 SPS 被假设为婴儿的抑制性或反应性、成人的内向性以及不同动物物种的反应性或反应性的基础。一些生物学家将这一特征视为两种先天策略之一——行动前仔细观察与首先行动。因此，SPS 的核心特征被认为是信息的深度处理。在这里，10 名欧洲裔美国人和 10 名东亚人在执行简单的视觉空间任务时接受了功能性磁共振成像，这些任务强调与上下文无关（通常对美国人来说更容易）或依赖于上下文（通常对亚洲人来说更容易）的判断。正如其他地方报道的那样，每组在额叶和顶叶区域表现出对文化上非偏好任务的更大激活，这与注意力和工作记忆的更大努力相关。然而，本文首次报道的进一步分析为 SPS 的审核提供了初步支持。与仔细加工理论一致，高 SPS 个体几乎没有表现出文化差异； SPS 低，文化差异强。
This study focused on a possible temperament-by-culture interaction. Specifically, it explored whether a basic temperament/ personality trait (sensory processing sensitivity; SPS), perhaps having a genetic component, might moderate a previously established cultural difference in neural responses when making context-dependent vs context-independent judgments of simple visual stimuli. SPS has been hypothesized to underlie what has been called inhibitedness or reactivity in infants, introversion in adults, and reactivity or responsivness in diverse animal species. Some biologists view the trait as one of two innate strategies-observing carefully before acting vs being first to act. Thus the central characteristic of SPS is hypothesized to be a deep processing of information. Here, 10 European-Americans and 10 East Asians underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing simple visuospatial tasks emphasizing judgments that were either context independent (typically easier for Americans) or context dependent (typically easier for Asians). As reported elsewhere, each group exhibited greater activation for the culturally non-preferred task in frontal and parietal regions associated with greater effort in attention and working memory. However, further analyses, reported here for the first time, provided preliminary support for moderation by SPS. Consistent with the careful-processing theory, high-SPS individuals showed little cultural difference; low-SPS, strong culture differences.