Vapor-Phase Polymerization of Nanofibrillar Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) for Supercapacitors
Vapor-Phase Polymerization of Nanofibrillar Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) for Supercapacitors
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DOI：
10.1021/nn405595r
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
17.1
通讯作者：
Kaner, Richard B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D'Arcy, Julio M.;El-Kady, Maher F.;Kaner, Richard B.
具有大表面积的导电聚合物聚（3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩）的纳米结构可增强电化学超级电容器等储能装置的性能。然而，到目前为止，这种聚合物的高纵横比纳米纤维只能利用电纺纳米纤维和阳极氧化铝等外在硬模板从气相沉积。这些途径导致电导率低，并且需要合成后去除模板，这些条件抑制了导电聚合物电子学的发展。在这里，我们介绍了一种克服这些缺点的简单方法，并产生具有 130 S/cm 高电导率的垂直定向高纵横比聚（3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩）纳米纤维。纳米纤维沉积为独立式机械坚固薄膜，无需使用有机粘合剂或导电添加剂即可轻松加工成超级电容器，其特点是出色的循环稳定性，在 10 000 次充电/放电循环后保留超过 92% 的初始电容。将纳米纤维沉积在硬质碳纤维纸集流体上，为超级电容器提供了高效稳定的电极，其重量电容为 175 F/g，1000 次循环后电容保持率为 94%。
Nanostructures of the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) with large surface areas enhance the performance of energy storage devices such as electrochemical supercapacitors. However, until now, high aspect ratio nanofibers of this polymer could only be deposited from the vapor-phase, utilizing extrinsic hard templates such as electrospun nanofibers and anodized aluminum oxide. These routes result in low conductivity and require postsynthetic template removal, conditions that stifle the development of conducting polymer electronics. Here we introduce a simple process that overcomes these drawbacks and results in vertically directed high aspect ratio poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanofibers possessing a high conductivity of 130 S/cm. Nanofibers deposit as a freestanding mechanically robust film that is easily processable into a supercapacitor without using organic binders or conductive additives and is characterized by excellent cycling stability, retaining more than 92% of its initial capacitance after 10 000 charge/discharge cycles. Deposition of nanofibers on a hard carbon fiber paper current collector affords a highly efficient and stable electrode for a supercapacitor exhibiting gravimetric capacitance of 175 F/g and 94% capacitance retention after 1000 cycles.