Visual impairment and spectacle coverage rate in Baoshan district, China: population-based study.
Visual impairment and spectacle coverage rate in Baoshan district, China: population-based study.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2458-13-311
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发表时间：
2013-04-08
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Zhu J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhu M;Tong X;Zhao R;He X;Zhao H;Liu M;Zhu J
调查上海市宝山区一个特殊的郊区老年人群中与屈光不正相关的视力损害的患病率和危险因素，以及未满足的眼镜需求。宝山区是几个正在从农村向城市过渡的农村地区之一，视力损害的数据有限。本研究于2009年在上海宝山对4545名中国老年人（年龄：>60岁或以上）进行了基于人群的调查。每例受试者填写一份问卷。检查包括标准化屈光度和测量呈现和最佳矫正视力（BCVA）以及眼压计，裂隙灯生物显微镜检查和眼底照相。轻度（6/12 ~ 6/18）、中度（6/18 ~ 6/60）和重度视力损害的患病率分别为12.59%、8.38%和0.44%，矫正后分别为5.26%、3.06%和0.09%。视力障碍与年龄、性别、教育和职业有关，但与保险无关。可矫正视力损害的患病率分别为5.81%（以6/18为界值）和13.18%（以6/12为界值）。老年人和女性患可矫正视力障碍的风险明显较高，而受过良好教育的人则相反。屈光不正（屈光改善2行以上）的发生率为24.84%，轻度、中度、重度和无视力障碍者的屈光不正发生率分别为61.54%、67.98%、60.00%和14.10%。眼镜覆盖率为44.12%。在老年人、女性、非农民和仅受教育程度较低和散光的受试者中观察到更大的未满足眼镜需求。上海市宝山区老年人视力障碍患病率高，屈光矫正可缓解视力障碍，眼镜覆盖率低。教育市民定期检查的重要性，以及提供适当和方便的验光服务，可能有助解决问题。
To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of visual impairment associated with refractive error and the unmet need for spectacles in a special suburban senior population in Baoshan District of Shanghai, one of several rural areas undergoing a transition from rural to urban area, where data of visual impairment are limited. The study was a population based survey of 4545 Chinese aged (age: >60 years or older ) at Baoshan, Shanghai, in 2009. One copy of questionnaire was completed for each subject. Examinations included a standardized refraction and measurement of presenting and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) as well as tonometry, slit lamp biomicroscopy, and fundus photography. The prevalence of mild (6/12 to 6/18), moderate (6/18 to 6/60) and severe visual impairment was 12.59%, 8.38% and 0.44%, respectively, and 5.26%, 3.06% and 0.09% with refractive correction. Visual impairment was associated with age, gender, education and career, but not insurance . The prevalence of correctable visual impairment was 5.81% (using 6/18 cutoff) and 13.18% (using 6/12 cutoff). Senior people and women were significantly at a higher risk of correctable visual impairment, while the well-educated on the contrary. The prevalence of undercorrected refractive error (improves by 2 or more lines with refraction) was 24.84%, and the proportion with undercorrected refractive error for mild, moderate , severe and no visual impairment was 61.54%, 67.98%, 60.00% and 14.10%, respectively. The spectacle coverage rate was 44.12%. Greater unmet need for spectacles was observed among elderly people, females, non-peasant, and subjects with less education and astigmatism only. High prevalence of visual impairment, visual impairment alleviated by refractive correction, and low spectacle coverage existed among the senior population in Baoshan District of Shanghai. Education for the public of the importance of regular examination and appropriate and accessible refraction service might be helpful to solve the problem.
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