The role of lipid microdomains in virus biology.
The role of lipid microdomains in virus biology.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4757-5806-1_14
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Nayak;E. Hui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Nayak;E. Hui
许多高致病性病毒，包括流感病毒、HIV和其他具有世界流行病学重要性的病毒是有包膜的，并且在含有病毒基因组的核衣壳周围具有膜。病毒膜是保护病毒基因组所必需的，并为附着、形态发生和传播提供重要功能。病毒膜主要由脂质和蛋白质组成。虽然病毒包膜上的蛋白质几乎完全是病毒编码的，但另一方面，脂质都是宿主来源的，并从宿主膜募集。然而，病毒膜上的脂质不是随机掺入的，并且不代表宿主膜的平均脂质组成。最近的研究支持特定的脂质微结构域，如脂筏在病毒感染周期的许多方面发挥关键作用，包括附着，进入，脱壳，蛋白质转运和分选以及病毒形态发生和出芽。脂质微区有助于将病毒成分带到并集中到出芽位点。类似地，特定的病毒蛋白质在组织病毒组装和出芽位点内和周围的脂质微区中起重要作用。本文综述了脂质微区在病毒生命周期不同方面的具体作用以及特定病毒蛋白在组织脂质微区中的作用。
Many of the highly pathogenic viruses including influenza virus, HIV and others of world wide epidemiological importance are enveloped and possess a membrane around the nucleocapsid containing the viral genome. Viral membrane is required to protect the viral genome and provide important functions for attachment, morphogenesis and transmission. Viral membrane is essentially composed of lipids and proteins. While the proteins on the viral envelope are almost exclusively virally encoded, lipids, on the other hand, are all of host origin and recruited from host membrane. However, lipids on the viral membrane are not incorporated randomly and do not represent average lipid composition of the host membrane. Recent studies support that specific lipid microdomains such as lipid rafts play critical roles in many aspects of the virus infectious cycle including attachment, entry, uncoating, protein transport and sorting as well as viral morphogenesis and budding. Lipid microdomains aid in bringing and concentrating viral components to the budding site. Similarly, specific viral protein plays an important role in organizing lipid microdomains in and around the assembly and budding site of the virus. This review deals with the specific role of lipid microdomains in different aspects of the virus life cycle and the role of specific viral proteins in organizing the lipid microdomains.